Tolerance of mycorrhized banana (Musa sp. cv. Pacovan) plantlets to saline stress

Yano‐Melo, Adriana Mayumi; Saggin, Orivaldo José; Maia, Leonor Costa

doi:10.1016/s0167-8809(02)00044-0

Cited by 120 publications

(54 citation statements)

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“…2), isso não significa necessariamente a ocorrência de maior colonização das plantas de milho e feijão-de-corda, visto que a germinação dos esporos e a colonização das raízes podem ser afetadas negativamente pela salinidade (JAHROMI et al, 2008;YANO -MELO et al, 2003 3 -Respiração basal do solo -RBS (A), acumulada nos 8 dias de incubação, e carbono da biomassa microbiana -CBM (B), em amostras de solo coletadas nas subáreas 1 (milho) e 2 (feijão-de-corda) após os cultivos irrigados com água salina. * significativo a 5% máxima de FMA e a quantificação de esporos também podem depender do tipo de sal.…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

“…A colonização com micorriza arbuscular é relatada como responsável por aumentar o crescimento de várias espécies de plantas sob condições de salinidade, fato que tem sido demonstrado em algumas espécies (JUNIPER;ABBOTT 2006;YANO-MELO et al, 2003). No entanto, a salinidade e outros estresses além de afetarem o desenvolvimento das plantas, podem também afetar a atividade dos microrganismos e suas interações com as raízes das plantas (YUAN et al, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

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Biomassa, atividade microbiana e FMA em rotação cultural milho/feijão-de-corda utilizando-se águas salinas

et al. 2010

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Resumo -O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a influência da irrigação com água de alta e baixa salinidade sobre variáveis microbiológicas do solo em área submetida à rotação de cultura entre milho (Zea Mays L.) e feijão-de-corda (Vigna unguiculata L.). A área destinada ao experimento foi dividida em duas subáreas, sendo realizados quatro cultivos: dois cultivos irrigados na estação seca e dois de sequeiro na estação chuvosa. O estudo foi conduzido em campo, utilizando-se o delineamento em blocos ao acaso, com cinco repetições. Nos cultivos irrigados foram usadas água com as seguintes condutividades elétricas (CEa): 0,8; 2,2; 3,6 e 5,0 dS m -1 . Os cultivos de sequeiro foram realizados nas mesmas parcelas que foram cultivadas na estação seca, as quais permaneceram demarcadas e identificadas. No início e ao final de cada cultivo, foram coletadas amostras em duas subáreas na região radicular das plantas, no terço médio da fileira central de cada parcela. O aumento da salinidade da água de irrigação promoveu aumento do número total de esporos de fungos micorrízicos arbusculares FMA e reduziu a respiração basal do solo, o carbono da biomassa e o coeficiente metabólico microbiano (qCO 2 ), principalmente na área cultivada com feijão-de-corda. O gênero Glomus respondeu por mais de 70% dos esporos totais encontrados, sendo que essa percentagem aumentou nos tratamentos com maior salinidade nos cultivos da estação seca. Os dados não evidenciaram qualquer efeito negativo da salinidade residual sobre as variáveis microbiológicas avaliadas, em função da irrigação com água salina durante os cultivos da estação seca. Palavras-chave -Estresse salino. Zea mays L. Vigna unguiculata L. Microrganismos.Abstract -This work carred out the influence of irrigation with water of high and low salinity on soil microbial variables in area under the crop rotation between maize (Zea mays L.) and cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.). The area for the experiment was divided into two sub areas being made four crops, two crops irrigated in the dry season and two dry in the rainy season. The study was conducted under field conditions using a randomized block design with five replications. In irrigated crops were used the following water with electrical conductivity (ECw): 0.8; 2.2; 3.6 and 5.0 dS m -1 . The rainfed crops were conducted on the same plots that were cultivated during the dry season, which remained demarcated and identified. At the beginning and end of each crop were collected samples in two subareas in the region of root system plant, in the middle third of the central row of each plot. Increasing of salinity in irrigation water led to increase in the total number of spores and reduced soil basal respiration, biomass carbon and microbial metabolic coefficient (qCO 2 ), mainly in the area cultivated with cowpea. The genus Glomus accounted for more than 70% of total spores found, and this percentage increased in treatments with high salinity in dry season crops. The data reveal no residual negative effect of salinity on the microbial variab...

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Section: Resultsunclassified

Section: Introductionunclassified

Biomassa, atividade microbiana e FMA em rotação cultural milho/feijão-de-corda utilizando-se águas salinas

et al. 2010

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“…Mycorrhizal symbiosis resulted in significant changes in root system morphology, acclimatization and transplant survival in micropropagated plants (Monticelli et al 2000;Yano-Melo et al 2003). It plays an important role in water economy of plants by improving the hydraulic conductivity of the roots and contributing towards a better uptake of water by the plants even in extremely dry conditions (Al-Karaki et al 2001).…”

Section: Effect Of Nacl On Shoot and Root Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro selection of salt tolerant Morus alba and its field performance with bioinoculants

Kashyap¹,

Sharma²

2006

Hort. Sci. (Prague)

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ABSTRACT:In vitro selected salt tolerant saplings of Morus alba (cv. Sujanpuri) were raised from nodal explants with axillary buds collected during three different periods of the year. The growth and shoot/root multiplication of the nodal explants collected between November to February and July to October were found to be better than those collected between March to June. In cultures, shoot multiplication was induced by the application of 2.5 mg/l of 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) and 0.3 mg/l of gibberellic acid (GA 3 ), while rooting by 1.0 mg/l of indolebutyric acid (IBA). Sodium chloride (NaCl) was added to induce salt stress and its concentration was gradually increased from 0.1% (w/v) onwards. The salt tolerance was observed up to 0.4% (w/v) NaCl and 100% mortality of explants was noted above this concentration. The inclusion of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal (AM) fungi and Azotobacter chroococcum to tissue culture of raised saplings during acclimatization enhanced their survival and resulted in a significant increase of plant growth. After the transfer of plants to salt affected wasteland, only NaCl-treated saplings survived, whereas those developed without NaCl resulted in 100% mortality. plying salt (NaCl) stress and if exploiting AM fungi and Azotobacter during hardening could enhance the survival percentage of developed plants on salt affected land. Keywords: in vitro; MATERIALS AND METHODSExplant collection: Growing shoots of Morus alba L. cv. Sujanpuri were collected from one year old mulberry plants cultivated on normal soil (pH = 7.5, EC = 0.110 mmhos/cm) at Micromodel, IIT, Delhi during the following months: A) March to June, B) July to October, C) November to February. Nodal segments with one axillary bud each (1.5 to 2.0 cm) were excised, washed and disinfected first with 0.7% (w/v) bleach solution (sodium hypochloride) for 10 min and with 0.1% aqueous mercuric chloride solution for next 10 minutes and then rinsed 5 to 6 times with sterile distilled water.Shoot multiplication: The Murashige and Skoog's (MS) (1962) medium containing 3% (w/v) sucrose, 2.5 mg/l of BAP and 0.3 mg/l of GA 3 with 1.0% agar and pH 5.8 was used as shoot multiplication medium. For induction of salinity stress, the medium was supplemented with 0.1% NaCl. The surface sterilized explants were inoculated vertically onto the culture medium with one explant per test tube and twenty test tubes were kept for each treatment.Cultures were grown under cool white fluorescent tubes with irradiance of 24 µmol m 2 /s, 16 h photoperiod and at the temperature of 25 ± 1°C. After multiple shoot induction, the NaCl concentration of medium was gradually increased from 0.1 to 0.4% till 100% mortality of explants observed and average shoot length and number of shoots per explant was noted.Root induction: For rhizogenesis, well developed shoots (5.0 cm long) with 2-3 leaves were excised from cultures and cultured on MS supplemented with 1.0 mg/l of IBA, 3.0% sucrose and NaCl (from 0.1 to 0.4%). For root production, shoots were inoculated on medium with the...

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“…The problem of progressive salinization of telluric waters in many areas of the world made the researchers focus on the possible use of mycorrhizal fungi to provide resistance to saline stress in crops; in many cases positive results were obtained (Rosendahl and Rosendahl 1991, Al-Karaki and Hammad 2001, Cantrell and Lindermann 2001, Yano-Melo et al 2003. The induction of resistance is realized in two ways: first, via a limitation of the absorption of Na and Cl ions from the circulating solution, lowering their intake to levels tolerable for the plant, which is performed by the fungus (Al- Karaki andHammad 2001, Mohammad et al 2003); second, through a general amelioration of the nutritional status by means of a better bal-ance of the intake of more and less available ions (Graham 1986).…”

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Mycorrhizal infection ameliorates chlorophyll content and nutrient uptake of lettuce exposed to saline irrigation

Zuccarini¹

2007

Plant Soil Environ.

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Salinity is one of the most serious environmental problems influencing crop growth. Today, the use of microorganisms as biofertilizers in agriculture is quite diffused, and good results have been obtained in terms of induction of resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses in crops. The effects of inoculation with a mixture of the mycorrhizal fungi Glomus mosseae, G. intraradices and G. coronatum have been investigated on lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) cultivated at three different levels of salinity of the irrigation water (0, 1.5 and 3 g NaCl/l) and collected during three subsequent samplings. Dry mass production was significantly enhanced in the inoculated plants collected at the first sampling, and the effect was even more evident at the highest salinity; however, it was not observed at the latest samplings. The chlorophyll content and total foliar area were mostly enhanced by colonization with the mycorrhizal fungi. Moreover, mycorrhization significantly reduced Na and Cl plant uptake, and stimulated the absorption of K and P. The experiment suggests that mycorrhization can be a suitable way to induce salt-stress resistance in horticultural crops, and that it can show its best effects at medium-high salinity levels of the irrigation water.

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Tolerance of mycorrhized banana (Musa sp. cv. Pacovan) plantlets to saline stress

Cited by 120 publications

References 16 publications

Biomassa, atividade microbiana e FMA em rotação cultural milho/feijão-de-corda utilizando-se águas salinas

Biomassa, atividade microbiana e FMA em rotação cultural milho/feijão-de-corda utilizando-se águas salinas

In vitro selection of salt tolerant Morus alba and its field performance with bioinoculants

Mycorrhizal infection ameliorates chlorophyll content and nutrient uptake of lettuce exposed to saline irrigation

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