2004
DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkh359
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Tolerance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to Melaleuca alternifolia (tea tree) oil is associated with the outer membrane and energy-dependent cellular processes

Abstract: Increased tolerance to tea tree oil in P. aeruginosa is directly related to the barrier and energy functions of the outer membrane, and may involve efflux systems.

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Cited by 101 publications
(64 citation statements)
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“…According to Longbottom et al, its resistance appears to be due to its external membrane structure, particularly impermeable to essential oil molecules and the action of efflux mechanisms, which enhance the protection of the bacteria against the essential oil action [30].…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…According to Longbottom et al, its resistance appears to be due to its external membrane structure, particularly impermeable to essential oil molecules and the action of efflux mechanisms, which enhance the protection of the bacteria against the essential oil action [30].…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Instead, research has concentrated on how this organism is able to tolerate higher concentrations of TTO and/or components. These studies have indicated that tolerance is associated with the outer membrane by showing that when P. aeruginosa cells are pretreated with the outer membrane permeabilizer polymyxin B nonapeptide or EDTA, cells become more susceptible to the bactericidal effects of TTO, terpinen-4-ol, or ␥-terpinene (99,103).…”
Section: Antibacterial Activitymentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Differences among the volatiles in the essential oils, which may be responsible for the differences in their antimicrobial performances against an array of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, were found. The lower susceptibility of Gram-negative bacteria may be due to the distinctive properties of its outer membrane (Longbottom et al, 2004). Gram-negative strains are generally more resistant than Gram-positive strains, and this trait has been attributed to the external lipopolysaccharide wall that surrounds the peptidoglycan cell wall of Gram-negative bacteria.…”
Section: Essential Oilsmentioning
confidence: 99%