Tolerancing for Function

Tolerancing: Managing uncertainty from conceptual design to final product

“…Over the last 40 years, the confluence of industrial need, the rise of the CAx software, and the development of coordinate metrology has justified both significant research and an evolution of the tolerancing standards. The CIRP Seminar on Computer Aided Tolerancing (CAT) was conceived during the 1980s following the growing desire of the CIRP community to undertake cooperative projects on the topics of tolerancing and dimensioning of mechanical parts, the functional meaning of tolerances, uncertainty and standardization [132,232,314]. Two main needs were identified to be emerging at that time [313]: the integration of tolerancing procedures in the CAD/CAM environment, and the assessment of geometrical errors of Coordinate Measuring Machines (CMMs) and algorithms for analyzing workpiece data.…”

Computer-Aided Techniques for Geometry Assurance

“…Tolerancing limits geometric deviations of parts, which inevitably are due to the manufacturing [6], to ensure the product to assemble and to function rightly [3,7]. Tolerance analysis predicts the effects of geometric part deviations on assembly requirements, that is, "the objective of tolerance analysis is to check the extent and the nature of the variation of an analyzed dimension or geometric feature of interest for a given Geometric Dimensioning and Tolerancing (GD&T) scheme" [8] (see Figure 1).…”

Tolerancing

“…In order to ensure the interchangeability (interchangeability of manufactured parts is a critical element of present-day production -, mass mass production customization, modular product, maintenance, etc. ), the , and the of the product desired behavior functional requirements in spite of variations, the part features are assigned a tolerance zone within which the value of the feature, i.e., situation and intrinsic, lies (Weill et al ;Bjorke ). 1988Bjorke ).…”