Toll-like receptor (TLR) 2 and TLR13 from the endangered primitive-ray finned fish Dabry’s sturgeon (Acipenser dabryanus) and their expression profiling upon immune stimulation

Tang, Rong; Wang, Sisi; Han, Panpan; Zhang, Qihuan; Zhang, Shuhuan; Xing, Xiaoping; Shao, Rong; Xu, Wei; Xu, Qiaoqing; Wei, Qiwei; Qi, Zhitao

doi:10.1016/j.aqrep.2019.100247

Cited by 13 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…2018), and TLR2 and TLR13 (Tang et al . 2020). TLR4 of amniotes recognizes bacterial lipopolysaccharides (LPSs).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In teleosts, TLR5 might be a potent LPS recognition receptor, as shown by A. hydrophila and Escherichia coli stimulations (Li et al 2020). In A. dabryanus, qPCR revealed upregulation of TLR1-2, TLR4, TLR13, TRL21-22 and TLR25 in head kidney leucocytes upon LPS stimulation, suggesting also other TLRs may be involved in LPS recognition (Han et al 2018;Qi et al 2018;Tang et al 2020), although, except for TLR4, recognition of other TLRs has not been shown in Teleostei or Acipenseriformes. Vertebrate TLR5 recognizes bacterial flagellin, triggering the MyD88-dependent signalling pathway, which activates nuclear factor jB (NF-jB) to stimulate transcription of pro-inflammatory genes, such as interleukin 6 (IL-6) and tumour necrosis factor-a (TNF-a; Pietretti & Wiegertjes 2014;Hwang et al 2010).…”

Section: Pattern Recognition Receptors (Prrs)mentioning

confidence: 96%

“…In P. spathula,He et al (2019) identified 26 TLR homologs, including duplicated genes and pseudogenes: TLR1-5, TLR7-9, TLR13/22, TLR14/18, TLR21, TLR25, TR27 and one unknown TLR from the TLR1 subfamily. Seven TLRs were in-depth characterized in A. dabryanus, that is TLR1 and TLR4 (Han et al 2018), TLR21-22 and TLR25(Qi et al 2018), and TLR2 and TLR13(Tang et al 2020). TLR4 of amniotes recognizes bacterial lipopolysaccharides (LPSs).…”

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confidence: 99%

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The immune system of sturgeons and paddlefish (Acipenseriformes): a review with new data from a chromosome‐scale sturgeon genome

Höhne

Prokopov

Kuhl

et al. 2021

Reviews in Aquaculture

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Sturgeon immunity is relevant for basic evolutionary and applied research, including caviar-and meat-producing aquaculture, protection of wild sturgeons and their re-introduction through conservation aquaculture. Starting from a comprehensive overview of immune organs, we discuss pathways of innate and adaptive immune systems in a vertebrate phylogenetic and genomic context. The thymus as a key organ of adaptive immunity in sturgeons requires future molecular studies. Likewise, data on immune functions of sturgeon-specific pericardial and meningeal tissues are largely missing. Integrating immunological and endocrine functions, the sturgeon head kidney resembles that of teleosts. Recently identified pattern recognition receptors in sturgeon require research on downstream regulation. We review first acipenseriform data on Toll-like receptors (TLRs), type I transmembrane glycoproteins expressed in membranes and endosomes, initiating inflammation and host defence by molecular pattern-induced activation. Retinoic acid-inducible gene-I-like (RIG-like) receptors of sturgeons present RNA and key sensors of virus infections in most cell types. Sturgeons and teleosts share major components of the adaptive immune system, including B cells, immunoglobulins, major histocompatibility complex and the adaptive cellular response by T cells. The ontogeny of the sturgeon innate and onset of adaptive immune genes in different organs remain understudied. In a genomics perspective, our new data on 100 key immune genes exemplify a multitude of evolutionary trajectories after the sturgeon-specific genome duplication, where some single-copy genes contrast with many duplications, allowing tissue specialization, sub-functionalization or both. Our preliminary conclusion should be tested by future evolutionary bioinformatics, involving all >1000 immunity genes. This knowledge update about the acipenseriform immune system identifies several important research gaps and presents a basis for future applications.

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“…2018), and TLR2 and TLR13 (Tang et al . 2020). TLR4 of amniotes recognizes bacterial lipopolysaccharides (LPSs).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Pattern Recognition Receptors (Prrs)mentioning

confidence: 96%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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The immune system of sturgeons and paddlefish (Acipenseriformes): a review with new data from a chromosome‐scale sturgeon genome

Höhne

Prokopov

Kuhl

et al. 2021

Reviews in Aquaculture

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show abstract

“…In general, TLR13 was known as an endosomal TLR, which can play a role in recognition of microbes only after their phagocytosis and specifically recognize conversed bacterial 23S rDNA sequences. Nevertheless, it was speculated that TLR13 can also recognize MAMPs including LPS, LTA, PGN, poly(I-C) in previous study (Shi et al, 2009;Tang et al, 2020). However, the exact ligand of TLR13 in mussels remains unclear now.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Toll-like receptor identified in Gigantidas platifrons and its potential role in the immune recognition of endosymbiotic methane oxidation bacteria

Chen

Wang

et al. 2021

PeerJ

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Symbiosis with chemosynthetic bacteria is an important ecological strategy for the deep-sea megafaunas including mollusks, tubeworms and crustacean to obtain nutrients in hydrothermal vents and cold seeps. How the megafaunas recognize symbionts and establish the symbiosis has attracted much attention. Bathymodiolinae mussels are endemic species in both hydrothermal vents and cold seeps while the immune recognition mechanism underlying the symbiosis is not well understood due to the nonculturable symbionts. In previous study, a lipopolysaccharide (LPS) pull-down assay was conducted in Gigantidas platifrons to screen the pattern recognition receptors potentially involved in the recognition of symbiotic methane-oxidizing bacteria (MOB). Consequently, a total of 208 proteins including GpTLR13 were identified. Here the molecular structure, expression pattern and immune function of GpTLR13 were further analyzed. It was found that GpTLR13 could bind intensively with the lipid A structure of LPS through surface plasmon resonance analysis. The expression alternations of GpTLR13 transcripts during a 28-day of symbiont-depletion assay were investigated by real-time qPCR. As a result, a robust decrease of GpTLR13 transcripts was observed accompanying with the loss of symbionts, implying its participation in symbiosis. In addition, GpTLR13 transcripts were found expressed exclusively in the bacteriocytes of gills of G. platifrons by in situ hybridization. It was therefore speculated that GpTLR13 may be involved in the immune recognition of symbiotic methane-oxidizing bacteria by specifically recognizing the lipid A structure of LPS. However, the interaction between GpTLR13 and symbiotic MOB was failed to be addressed due to the nonculturable symbionts. Nevertheless, the present result has provided with a promising candidate as well as a new approach for the identification of symbiont-related genes in Bathymodiolinae mussels.

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“…Upon binding to its cognate ligands, TLR2 then recruit the MYD88 and TIRAP ( mal ) that activate the IRAK(1 and 4)/TRAF6/IKK(α or β)/MAPKS cascade, which subsequently leads to the ubiquitination of IκB α and the activation of transcription factor NF-kb or AP-1 to induce the expression of host defense genes and subsequent production of pro-, anti-inflammatory cytokines, chemokines, immunomodulatory molecules ( Zhang et al, 2014 ). In recent years, structure and expression pattern of tlr2 has been characterized in few important fish species including zebra fish ( Jault, Pichon & Chluba, 2004 ), Japanese flounder ( Hirono et al, 2004 ), channel catfish ( Baoprasertkul et al, 2007 ), grouper ( Wei et al, 2011 ), rohu ( Samanta et al, 2012 ), Antratic teleosts ( Varriale et al, 2012 ), shark ( Anandhakumar et al, 2012 ), miiuy croaker ( Xu et al, 2013 ), yellow croaker ( Fan, Jia & Yao, 2015 ), rainbow trout ( Brietzke et al, 2016 ), tongue sole ( Li & Sun, 2016 ), silvery pomfret ( Gao et al, 2016 ), turbot ( Zhang et al, 2016 ; Liu et al, 2016 ), grass carp ( He et al, 2016 ; Liao et al, 2017 ), common carp ( Fink et al, 2016 ), golden pompano ( Wu et al, 2018 ) and Dabry’s sturgeon ( Tang et al, 2020 ). These studies have provided background information on genomic structure of tlr2 and also reported expression profile of tlr2 upon stimulation with ligand or bacterial infection.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aeromonas hydrophila infection induces Toll-like receptor 2 (tlr2) and associated downstream signaling in Indian catfish, Clarias magur (Hamilton, 1822)

Muduli

Paria

Srivastava

et al. 2021

PeerJ

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Motile Aeromonas septicaemia (MAS), caused by Aeromonas hydrophila, is one of the most significant bacterial disease responsible for mortality in Indian catfish, Clarias magur, a potential aquaculture species in the Indian subcontinent. In fish, innate immunity elicited by pathogen recognition receptors (PRRs) plays an important role in providing protection against bacterial infection. Information on PRRs including Toll-like receptors (tlrs) and their response to bacterial pathogens remains unexplored in magur. Toll-like receptor 2 (tlr2), a phylogenetically conserved germ-line encoded PRR recognizes specific microbial structure and trigger MyD88-dependent signaling pathway to induce release of various cytokines responsible for innate immune response. In the present study, tlr2 gene of magur was characterized and downstream signaling was studied following challenge with A. hydrophila. The full-length cDNA of magur tlr2 (mtlr2) comprised of 3,066 bp with a single open reading frame of 2,373 bp encoding 790 amino acids having a theoretical pI value of 6.11 and molecular weight of 90 kDa. Structurally, it comprised of signal peptide (1–42aa), one leucine-rich repeat region (LRR) at N-terminal (LRR1-NT: 50–73 aa) and C-terminal (LRR-CT: 588–608 aa), twenty LRRs in between, one trans-membrane (Tm) domain (609–631aa) followed by cytoplasmic TIR domain (670–783aa). Phylogenetically, mtlr2 is closely related to pangasius and channel catfish. Highest basal expression of mtlr2, myd88 and il-1β in spleen, nf-kb in anterior kidney was observed. Lowest basal expression of mtlr2 in skin and myd88, nf-kb and il-1β in muscle was detected. Significant up-regulation of mtlr2 and downstream expression occurred at 3, 8, 24 h post infection to A. hydrophila in important immune organs such as liver, spleen, intestine and kidney. These findings highlight the vital role of tlr2 in eliciting innate immune defence against A. hydrophila infection.

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Toll-like receptor (TLR) 2 and TLR13 from the endangered primitive-ray finned fish Dabry’s sturgeon (Acipenser dabryanus) and their expression profiling upon immune stimulation

Cited by 13 publications

References 39 publications

The immune system of sturgeons and paddlefish (Acipenseriformes): a review with new data from a chromosome‐scale sturgeon genome

The immune system of sturgeons and paddlefish (Acipenseriformes): a review with new data from a chromosome‐scale sturgeon genome

A Toll-like receptor identified in Gigantidas platifrons and its potential role in the immune recognition of endosymbiotic methane oxidation bacteria

Aeromonas hydrophila infection induces Toll-like receptor 2 (tlr2) and associated downstream signaling in Indian catfish, Clarias magur (Hamilton, 1822)

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