Tomato pollen development: stages sensitive to chilling and a natural environment for the selection of resistant genotypes

Patterson, Brian D.; Mutton, L.L.; Paull, Robert E.; Nguyen, Van-Hong

doi:10.1111/j.1365-3040.1987.tb01811.x

Cited by 12 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…It is hypothesized that physiological stresses (higher temperatures, shorter photoperiods during fertilization) during meiosis and (or) the haploid stage may induce either cytoplasmic or nuclear genetic changes that are heritable and persistent. Such a mechanism has been postulated (Cullis 1990) and observed in angiosperm systems (Patterson et al 1987;Zamir et al 1981;Mulcahy et al 1988;. Similar genetic effects have been observed by Greenwood and Hutchison (1996) who found significant segregation distortion in the cab-3 alleles in European larch (Larix decidua Mill.)…”

Section: Figsupporting

confidence: 50%

Parental environment aftereffects on germination, growth, and adaptive traits in selected white spruce families

Stoehr¹,

L’Hirondelle²,

Binder³

et al. 1998

Can. J. For. Res.

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Seed orchards for the production of conifer seed in British Columbia are usually located in areas favorable (warm and dry) for flowering and seed development, often considerably south of the source location of the parent trees. Differences in environmental conditions between seed orchard location and location of origin can affect progeny performance. It is suspected that this is caused by environmental factors that affect reproductive processes of parent trees and lead to altered physiological traits (aftereffects). This study examined if aftereffects are present in white spruce (Picea glauca (Moench) Voss). Control pollinations were made at two locations, Red Rock, near Prince George (53°N) in central British Columbia, and Kalamalka, near Vernon (50°N) in southern British Columbia, on five female trees using a four-male polymix. Identical genotypes through grafting were present at the two locations. Pollen maturing at each site was only used in the polymix at that particular location. Progeny were raised and germination traits, number of needle primordia, greenhouse and field heights, and frost hardiness were evaluated in a common environment. The location of seed development significantly affected all traits evaluated. Height growth aftereffects in the second field season were much less than those observed in the first field season. These results suggest that aftereffects are detectable in white spruce progeny performance in British Columbia.Résumé : En Colombie-Britannique, les vergers destinés à la production de graines de conifères sont généralement établis dans des endroits favorables (chauds et secs), souvent considérablement plus au sud que l'origine géographique des sources parentales de graines, afin de favoriser la floraison et le développement des graines. Les auteurs rapportent que les différences environnementales entre le lieu d'établissement des vergers à graines et l'origine géographique des sources parentales de graines peuvent affecter la performance des descendances. Ceci serait causé par des facteurs environnementaux affectant les processus de reproduction des arbres parents et menant à l'altération des caractères physiologiques (effets reportés). Les auteurs ont voulu vérifier si ces effets reportés étaient présents chez l'épinette blanche (Picea glauca (Moench) Voss). Pour ce faire, des croisements contrôlés ont été réalisés dans deux endroits, à Red Rock près de Prince-George (53°N) en Colombie-Britannique centrale, et à Kalamalka, près de Vernon (56°N) en Colombie-Britannique méridionale. Les croisements ont été réalisés sur cinq arbres femelles à l'aide d'un mélange de pollen provenant de quatre arbres mâles. Les génotypes parentaux découlaient de greffes et étaient identiques d'un site à l'autre. Le mélange de pollen utilisé pour chacun des sites provenait de pollen ayant maturé sur le même site. Après avoir mis les descendances en production au sein d'un test comparatif, différents caractères furent évalués : des caractères de germination, le nombre de primordia foliaires, la hauteur e...

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Section: Figsupporting

confidence: 50%

Parental environment aftereffects on germination, growth, and adaptive traits in selected white spruce families

Stoehr¹,

L’Hirondelle²,

Binder³

et al. 1998

Can. J. For. Res.

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“…Tomato is a very popular vegetable worldwide. Because this species originated in the tropics, most cultivated plants suffer chilling injury when exposed to temperatures below 10°C (Graham and Patterson, 1982;Patterson et al, 1987). Extended exposure below 6°C can kill plants; below 13°C, fruit-set may be inhibited (Atherton and Rudich, 1986).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic engineering of glycinebetaine synthesis in tomato protects seeds, plants, and flowers from chilling damage

et al. 2004

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Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) plants, which normally do not accumulate glycinebetaine (GB), are susceptible to chilling stress. Exposure to temperatures below 10 degrees C causes various injuries and greatly decreases fruit set in most cultivars. We have transformed tomato (cv. Moneymaker) with a chloroplast-targeted codA gene of Arthrobacter globiformis, which encodes choline oxidase to catalyze the conversion of choline to GB. These transgenic plants express codA and synthesize choline oxidase, while accumulating GB in their leaves and reproductive organs up to 0.3 and 1.2 micromol g(-1) fresh weight (FW), respectively. Their chloroplasts contain up to 86% of total leaf GB. Over various developmental phases, from seed germination to fruit production, these GB-accumulating plants are more tolerant of chilling stress than their wild-type counterparts. During reproduction, they yield, on average, 10-30% more fruit following chilling stress. Endogenous GB contents as low as 0.1 micromol g(-1) FW are apparently sufficient to confer high levels of tolerance in tomato plants, as achieved via transformation with the codA gene. Exogenous application of either GB or H2O2 improves both chilling and oxidative tolerance concomitant with enhanced catalase activity. These moderately increased levels of H2O2 in codA transgenic plants, as a byproduct of choline oxidase-catalyzed GB synthesis, might activate the H2O2-inducible protective mechanism, resulting in improved chilling and oxidative tolerances in GB-accumulating codA transgenic plants. Thus, introducing the biosynthetic pathway of GB into tomato through metabolic engineering is an effective strategy for improving chilling tolerance.

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“…One of the most cold-sensitive processes during the life cycle of cold-sensitive species is pollen maturation [8]. Other consequences of cold stress are a general loss of plant vigour and a reduction of plant development and growth rates: plants may remain stunted also after rewarming.…”

Section: Responses and Damages Induced By Cold Stress In Plantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chilling and Freezing Stresses in Plants: Cellular Responses and Molecular Strategies for Adaptation

Bracale

Coraggio²

2003

Abiotic Stresses in Plants

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Cold affects agronomic yield and product quality. The mechanisms by which plants translate cold perception into specific gene expression are not yet completely understood; the available evidence is not yet arranged into an overall coherent picture. Nevertheless: 1) signal transduction pathways are being elucidated; 2) evidence is accumulating on control of cold-related gene expression, with the identification of cis-and trans-acting elements; 3) a large number of gene products, putatively involved in cold tolerance, have been characterised; 4) transgenic plants are contributing to the understanding of the function of specific genes. These efforts are of substantial interest. Success in the production of crop varieties with improved cold tolerance will have great beneficial economic and ecological impact, meeting the philosophy of a sustainable (intensive versus extensive) agriculture. This chapter discusses recent progress in knowledge on the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying cold tolerance in higher plants.

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Tomato pollen development: stages sensitive to chilling and a natural environment for the selection of resistant genotypes

Cited by 12 publications

References 19 publications

Parental environment aftereffects on germination, growth, and adaptive traits in selected white spruce families

Parental environment aftereffects on germination, growth, and adaptive traits in selected white spruce families

Genetic engineering of glycinebetaine synthesis in tomato protects seeds, plants, and flowers from chilling damage

Chilling and Freezing Stresses in Plants: Cellular Responses and Molecular Strategies for Adaptation

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