Tomographic Processing of Interferometric SAR Data: Developments, applications, and future research perspectives

Fornaro, G.; Lombardini, Fabrizio; Pauciullo, Antonio; Reale, Diego; Viviani, Federico

doi:10.1109/msp.2014.2312073

Cited by 120 publications

(77 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…First, a coarse-to-fine observation strategy (large-scale hotspot identification followed by detailed monument-scale monitoring) was introduced for the optimization of computation efficiency in detection motion anomalies coupled with understanding kinetics of monuments. Second, contrary to current two-step approaches [23,25], the preliminary removal of APS in this study can be avoided due to the applied two-tier network in the detection of single and double PS points using the extend Tomo-PSInSAR model with two sequential sub-procedures. Finally, the robustness of parameter estimation at arcs and the network adjustment of the Tomo-PSInSAR approach can be guaranteed owing to the combination of beamforming, M-estimator and ridge estimator.…”

Section: Technology Improvementsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Surface Motion and Structural Instability Monitoring of Ming Dynasty City Walls by Two-Step Tomo-PSInSAR Approach in Nanjing City, China

et al. 2017

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Spaceborne Multi-Temporal Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) Interferometry (MT-InSAR) has been a valuable tool in mapping motion phenomena in different scenarios. Recently, the capabilities of MT-InSAR for risk monitoring and preventive analysis of heritage sites have increasingly been exploited. Considering the limitations of conventional MT-InSAR techniques, in this study a two-step Tomography-based Persistent Scatterers (PS) Interferometry (Tomo-PSInSAR) approach is proposed for monitoring ground deformation and structural instabilities over the Ancient City Walls (Ming Dynasty) in Nanjing city, China. For the purpose of this study we utilized 26 Stripmap acquisitions from TerraSAR-X and TanDEM-X missions, spanning from May 2013 to February 2015. As a first step, regional-scale surface deformation rates on single PSs were derived (ranging from −40 to +5 mm/year) and used for identifying deformation hotspots as well as for the investigation of a potential correlation between urbanization and the occurrence of surface subsidence. As a second step, structural instability parameters of ancient walls (linear motion rates, non-linear motions and material thermodynamics) were estimated by an extended four-dimensional Tomo-PSInSAR model. The model applies a two-tier network strategy; that is, the detection of most reliable single PSs in the first-tier Delaunay triangulation network followed by the detection of remaining single PSs and double PSs on the second-tier local star network referring to single SPs extracted in the first-tier network. Consequently, a preliminary phase calibration relevant to the Atmospheric Phase Screen (APS) is not needed. Motion heterogeneities in the spatial domain, either caused by thermal kinetics or displacement trends, were also considered. This study underlines the potential of the proposed Tomo-PSInSAR solution for the monitoring and conservation of cultural heritage sites. The proposed approach offers a quantitative indicator to local authorities and planners for assessing potential damages as well as for the design of remediation activities.

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Section: Technology Improvementsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Surface Motion and Structural Instability Monitoring of Ming Dynasty City Walls by Two-Step Tomo-PSInSAR Approach in Nanjing City, China

et al. 2017

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“…We note that if the nonlinear deformation d NL (s, t m , T m ) is small respect to λ, g(v, k) is a peaked function, with a peak in the origin of the v-k plane. Substituting (2) and (3) in (1), and neglecting the integration volume changes with respect to small shifts of integration variables, it is obtained:…”

Section: Tomographic Signal and 5d Scatterer Detectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Multi-channel Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) interferometry allows accurate reconstructions of the height profile of the observed scenes [1][2][3]. Spaceborne differential interferometric SAR (DInSAR) [4] involves the exploitation of multiple interferograms computed from pairs of complex SAR images and aims at measuring surface deformations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extension of a Fast GLRT Algorithm to 5D SAR Tomography of Urban Areas

2017

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This paper analyzes a method for Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) Tomographic (TomoSAR) imaging, allowing the detection of multiple scatterers that can exhibit time deformation and thermal dilation by using a CFAR (Constant False Alarm Rate) approach. In the last decade, several methods for TomoSAR have been proposed. The objective of this paper is to present the results obtained on high resolution tomographic SAR data of urban areas, by using a statistical test for detecting multiple scatterers that takes into account phase variations due to possible deformations and/or thermal dilation. The test can be evaluated in terms of probability of detection (P D ) and probability of false alarm (P FA ), and is based on an approximation of a Generalized Likelihood Ratio Test (GLRT), denoted as Fast-Sup-GLRT. It was already applied and validated by the authors in the 3D case, while here it is extended and experimented in the 5D case. Numerical experiments on simulated and on StripMap TerraSAR-X (TSX) data have been carried out. The presented results show that the adopted method allows the detection of a large number of scatterers and the estimation of their position with a good accuracy, and that the consideration of the thermal dilation and surface deformation helps in recovering more single and double scatterers, with respect to the case in which these contributions are not taken into account. Moreover, the capability of method to provide reliable estimates of the deformations in urban structure suggests its use in structure stress monitoring.

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“…STRUCTURES SAR tomography represents an extension of classical interferometry [4], [5], [6]- [8]. The key concept is the use of amplitude and phase information, i.e.…”

Section: Tomographic Techniques For Verticalmentioning

confidence: 99%