Tomographische Studien zur Funktion des menschlichen Kehlkopfes

Voice Physiology and Ethnomusicology: Physiological and Acoustical Studies of the Swedish Herding Song

“…13. In a study by Frommhold & Hoppe (1965), the highest larynx position reported is + 17 mm, the lowest -30 mm (refering to different test subjects). Shipp & Izdebski (1975) summarize their larynx observations of four professional singers and four nonsingers:…”

The Speaker's Formant

“…Results from a study where Western operatic singing and Chinese and Western early music singing styles were compared 19 reported that in Chinese and early music singers, the larynx generally remained above the physiological resting position, whereas the larynx of the subjects in Western opera style was usually below the resting position, as has been determined by other researchers. 2,22,23 The height of the larynx varied from singer to singer. In the measurements of the energy peaks in the spectrum, extra high peaks were found near F3 or F4 in both Western opera voices and in the Chinese and early music singers.…”

A Cephalometric Study of Structures of the Head and Neck during Sustained Phonation of Covered and Open Qualities

“…These include Schilling (1952), Luchsinger and Arnold (1965), Sonninen (1968), Damstré (1968), andFrommhold andHoppe (1965). Other investigations such as the work by Russell (1928) have stated that covering can be helped by rounding the corners of the mouth.…”