Tonifying-Qi-and-Detoxification Decoction attenuated injuries of colon and lung tissues in ulcerative colitis rat model via regulating NF-κB and p38MAPK pathway

Abstract

Background: Tonifying-Qi-and-Detoxification Decoction (TQDD) is a Chinese medicine compound. This research probed the possible protective effects of TQDD on injuries of the colon and lung tissues in ulcerative colitis (UC) rat model. Methods: UC rat model was established by colon mucosal tissue sensitization combined with TNBSethanol. Ninety-six rats were randomly divided into normal control (NC), model, sulfasalazine (SASP), and TQDD (low, middle, and high dosages) groups. After 4 weeks intervention, all rats were sacrificed. The microstructure of lung tissue was observed using hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining. Transmission electron microscope (TEM) was utilized to assess the ultrastructure change of alveolar epithelial type II cells (AEC-II). The mRNA expressions of Bax, Caspase 3, nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) and NF-κB inhibitor α (IKBα) in tissues were measured via quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) assay. Western blotting and immunohistochemistry (IHC) were used to test p38MAPK, activating transcription factor 2 (ATF2), c-jun and c-fos expressions in tissues. Results: TQDD alleviated microstructure change of lung tissues, lung cell apoptosis and ultrastructure alterations of AEC-II in UC rat model. Moreover, TQDD suppressed activation of NF-κB pathway in colon and lung tissues. Besides, TQDD inhibited p38MAPK pathway in colon and lung tissues, as well as reduced ATF2, c-jun, and c-fos expressions in colon and lung tissues.Conclusions: This research confirmed the beneficial effect of TQDD on injuries of colon and lung tissues in UC rat model. TQDD attenuated injuries of lung and colon tissues in colon mucosal tissue sensitization combined with TNBS-ethanol-caused UC model via regulating NF-κB and p38MAPK pathways.

Understanding the tonifying and the detoxifying properties of Chinese medicines from their impacts on gut microbiota and host metabolism: a case study with four medicinal herbs in experimental colitis rat model

“…In TCM practice, reinforcing the vital qi with tonic herbs or eliminating the pathogenic factors with detoxifying herbs are two main principles of treatment when compound formulas are prescribed to alleviate gastrointestinal disorders, including UC [ 10 , 11 ]. The present study first tries to understand the tonic and detoxifying properties of CMs from the viewpoints of the gut microbiome and the associated host metabolome.…”

“…Recently, Chinese medicines (CMs) have emerged as an alternative therapy for IBD. According to the traditional Chinese medicinal (TCM) theory, IBD can be alleviated through reinforcing the vital qi and/or eliminating the pathogenic factors [ 10 , 11 ]. As such, tonic herbs, such as ginseng (GS, renshen in Chinese) and Astragali Radix (AR, huangqi in Chinese), as well as detoxifying herbs such as Scutellariae Radix (SR, huangqin in Chinese) and Rhubarb (RB, dahuang in Chinese), have been frequently prescribed as the main constituent herbs of many compound formulas used for alleviating gastrointestinal disorders including UC.…”

The chemical composition of Diwu YangGan capsule and its potential inhibitory roles on hepatocellular carcinoma by microarray-based transcriptomics

“… 29 Besides the strong content in triterpenoids, such as glycyrrhizin and glycyrrhetinic acid, was demonstrated to suppress NF-κB activation in TNF-α-induced hepatocytes. 30 Schisandrin A and Schisandrin B could induce Oatp1b1 expression and increase its transporter activity in the human hepatocellular liver carcinoma cell line. 31 Already basic formulations likely contain ingredients with considerable biological activity.…”

Animal models of inflammatory bowel disease: category and evaluation indexes

“…The extent of the pathological injury can be scored by evaluating the degree of mucosal inflammation infiltration, crypt loss, and mucosal edema [ 103 , 104 ]. Another effective method is observing the ultrastructure of the colon by using electron microscopy and the reported ultrastructural changes of the colon include mitochondrial edema and endoplasmic reticulum dilation of epithelia, villi reduction, and interstitial collagen proliferation [ 105–107 ].…”