Toolpath Strategies for 5DOF and 6DOF Extrusion-Based Additive Manufacturing

Abstract

This paper introduces two new deposition-strategies for five degrees of freedom (5DOF) and 6DOF extrusion-based additive manufacturing (AM), called the tool path projection- and parent-child-approach, respectively. The tool path projection method can be automated, and allows for the generation of concentric shells layers, which remedy geometrical deviations (known as the stair-case effect) that are typically seen in 3DOF AM processes that potentially require secondary post treatment by machining or grinding of the final part. In the parent-child approach, the designer specifies the manufacturing direction for each distinct feature, thereby helping to remove the need for support material, as well as enabling new features to be dynamically added to the part.

A comprehensive review of sustainable materials and toolpath optimization in 3D concrete printing

“…Extrusion-based toolpath design in 3D concrete printing refers to the process of planning and creating the specific paths along which the extrusion nozzle will move to deposit layers of concrete material in a three-dimensional printed structure. Extrusion-based toolpath design 128,129 offers several advantages. It allows for the generation of toolpaths tailored to the specific material deposition process, resulting in efficient and optimized printing trajectories.…”

Path Planning Strategies to Optimize Accuracy, Quality, Build Time and Material Use in Additive Manufacturing: A Review

“…Similarly, Ezair et al [ 21 ] also proposed a curved layer path planning strategy that could improve the surface quality, using volumetric covering print paths for material extrusion AM. Jensen et al [ 22 ] proposed two path planning methods (path projection and parent–child approach) for five degrees of freedom (5DOF) and 6DOF material extrusion AM, respectively. Their strategy could remedy the staircase effect (shape deviations), thus achieving better surface quality.…”

“…Save materials: Jensen et al [ 22 ] proposed two path planning methods (path projection and parent–child approach) for five degrees of freedom (5DOF) and 6DOF material extrusion AM, respectively. Their strategy can achieve successful fabrication without support structures, thus saving support material consumption.…”