Tools for Cellulose Analysis in Plant Cell Walls

Harris, Darby; Bulone, Vincent; Ding, Shi You; DeBolt, Seth

doi:10.1104/pp.110.154203

Cited by 62 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 69 publications

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“…Considering the vast number of plant and algal species, high-throughput screening methods, including Comprehensive Microarray Polymer Profiling (CoMPP) (84), OLIigosaccharide Mass Profiling (OLIMP) (91), and Fouriertransform infrared microspectroscopy (85), can be developed further to provide an initial step preceding more extensive characterization (103, 123). Immunocytochemistry using monoclonal antibodies and carbohydrate-binding modules (49) is also an extremely powerful technique as it enables in situ localization of wall components and, combined with specific wall treatments (76) or advanced microscopy such as electron tomography (92) and livecell imaging (44), additionally can indicate interactions between wall components in their native environment. and the involvement of the cell wall in these processes.…”

Section: Methods For Investigating Cell-wall Biodiversitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolution and Diversity of Plant Cell Walls: From Algae to Flowering Plants

Popper

Michel

Hervé

et al. 2011

Annu. Rev. Plant Biol.

620

483

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All photosynthetic multicellular Eukaryotes, including land plants and algae, have cells that are surrounded by a dynamic, complex, carbohydrate-rich cell wall. The cell wall exerts considerable biological and biomechanical control over individual cells and organisms, thus playing a key role in their environmental interactions. This has resulted in compositional variation that is dependent on developmental stage, cell type, and season. Further variation is evident that has a phylogenetic basis. Plants and algae have a complex phylogenetic history, including acquisition of genes responsible for carbohydrate synthesis and modification through a series of primary (leading to red algae, green algae, and land plants) and secondary (generating brown algae, diatoms, and dinoflagellates) endosymbiotic events. Therefore, organisms that have the shared features of photosynthesis and possession of a cell wall do not form a monophyletic group. Yet they contain some common wall components that can be explained increasingly by genetic and biochemical evidence. 567

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Section: Methods For Investigating Cell-wall Biodiversitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolution and Diversity of Plant Cell Walls: From Algae to Flowering Plants

Popper

Michel

Hervé

et al. 2011

Annu. Rev. Plant Biol.

620

483

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…X-ray diffraction (XRD) can provide a rough estimation of crystallinity through measuring the relative crystallinity index, which is based upon the proportions of crystalline and amorphous cell wall material, a measurement that can be influenced by non-cellulosic polysaccharides (L. Segal, 1959;Harris et al, 2010;Park et al, 2010;Harris et al, 2012). Cellulose crystallinity can also be assessed by 13 C solidstate NMR spectroscopy, by comparing the relative intensities of peaks that correspond to C4 atoms in the interior of the cellulose versus C4 atoms that are on the surface of the cellulose microfibril, which can be used to estimate crystallite size (Bootten et al, 2011;Dick-Perez et al, 2011).…”

Section: General Structure Of Cellulosementioning

confidence: 99%

Cellulose Synthesis and Its Regulation

Bashline

Lei

et al. 2014

The Arabidopsis Book

124

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Cellulose, the most abundant biopolymer synthesized on land, is made of linear chains of β (1-4) linked D-glucose. As a major structural component of the cell wall, cellulose is important not only for industrial use but also for plant growth and development. Cellulose microfibrils are tethered by other cell wall polysaccharides such as hemicellulose, pectin, and lignin. In higher plants, cellulose is synthesized by plasma membrane-localized rosette cellulose synthase complexes. Despite the recent advances using a combination of molecular genetics, live cell imaging, and spectroscopic tools, many aspects of the cellulose synthesis remain a mystery. In this chapter, we highlight recent research progress towards understanding the mechanism of cellulose synthesis in Arabidopsis.

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“…For instance, many bacteria and various algae form linear arrays of multiple cellulose synthase catalytic subunits (CESAs), which synthesize ribbon-shaped microfibrils. Charophytes and land plants, instead, have hexameric CSCs, also referred to as rosettes, which produce elementary microfibrils with a cross section of around 3 nm and which can form higher order aggregates, depending on the cell types and the growth stage (Ding and Himmel, 2006;Harris et al, 2010). Recently, the crystal structure of the cellulose synthase subunit A (BcsA) of Rhodobacter sphaeroides in complex with the accessory protein BcsB was solved (Morgan et al, 2013).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Catalytic Subunit Stoichiometry within the Cellulose Synthase Complex

et al. 2014

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Cellulose synthesis is driven by large plasma membrane-inserted protein complexes, which in plants have 6-fold symmetry. In Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), functional cellulose synthesis complexes (CSCs) are composed of at least three different cellulose synthase catalytic subunits (CESAs), but the actual ratio of the CESA isoforms within the CSCs remains unresolved. In this work, the stoichiometry of the CESAs in the primary cell wall CSC was determined, after elimination of CESA redundancy in a mutant background, by coimmunoprecipitation and mass spectrometry using label-free quantitative methods. Based on spectral counting, we show that CESA1, CESA3, and CESA6 are present in a 1:1:1 molecular ratio.

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Tools for Cellulose Analysis in Plant Cell Walls

Cited by 62 publications

References 69 publications

Evolution and Diversity of Plant Cell Walls: From Algae to Flowering Plants

Evolution and Diversity of Plant Cell Walls: From Algae to Flowering Plants

Cellulose Synthesis and Its Regulation

Catalytic Subunit Stoichiometry within the Cellulose Synthase Complex

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