Tools for Vaccine Design: Prediction and Validation of Highly Immunogenic and Conserved Class II Epitopes and Development of Epitope‐Driven Vaccines

Groot, Anne S. De; Ardito, Matthew; Tassone, Ryan; Knopf, Paul M.; Moise, Leonard; Martin, William

doi:10.1002/9781118023648.ch3

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 103 publications

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“…Multi-epitope vaccines with a reverse vaccinology approach using bioinformatics resources are now rapidly evolving. Immunoinformatics methods are targeted to cut down the efforts and cost in vaccine development and enable the design of multi-epitope vaccine in such a way that only antigenic, non-toxic, and non-allergenic determinants are included in the vaccine [ 39 – 43 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An immunoinformatics approach for the design of a multi-epitope vaccine targeting super antigen TSST-1 of Staphylococcus aureus

Kolla

Tirumalasetty

Sreerama

et al. 2021

Journal of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology

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Background TSST-1 is a secretory and pyrogenic superantigen that is being responsible for staphylococcal mediated food poisoning and associated clinical manifestations. It is one of the main targets for the construction of vaccine candidates against Staphylococcus aureus. Most of the vaccines have met failure due to adverse reactions and toxicity reported during late clinical studies. To overcome this, an immunoinformatics approach is being used in the present study for the design of a multi-epitope vaccine to circumvent the problems related to toxicity and allergenicity. Results In this study, a multi-epitope vaccine against Staphylococcus aureus targeting TSST-1 was designed through an immunoinformatics approach. B cell and T cell epitopes were predicted in silico and mapped with linkers to avoid junctional immunogenicity and to ensure the efficient presentation of exposed epitopes through HLA. β-defensin and PADRE were adjusted at the N-terminal end of the final vaccine as adjuvants. Physiochemical parameters, antigenicity, and allergenicity of the vaccine construct were determined with the help of online servers. The three-dimensional structure of the vaccine protein was predicted and validated with various tools. The affinity of the vaccine with TLR-3 was studied through molecular docking studies and the interactions of two proteins were visualized using LigPlot+. The vaccine was successfully cloned in silico into pET-28a (+) for efficient expression in E. coli K12 system. Population coverage analysis had shown that the vaccine construct can cover 83.15% of the global population. Immune simulation studies showed an increase in the antibody levels, IL-2, IFN-γ, TGF-β, B cell, and T cell populations and induced primary, secondary, and tertiary immune responses. Conclusion Multi-epitope vaccine designed through a computational approach is a non-allergic and non-toxic antigen. Preliminary in silico reports have shown that this vaccine could elicit both B cell and T cell responses in the host as desired.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An immunoinformatics approach for the design of a multi-epitope vaccine targeting super antigen TSST-1 of Staphylococcus aureus

Kolla

Tirumalasetty

Sreerama

et al. 2021

Journal of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology

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“…59 ClustiMer and Conservatrix are tools that have been developed to identify promiscuous and conserved epitopes for cross-strain protection. 59,60 These new vaccine design tools permit scientists to accelerate the development of vaccines for humans. Not only do the tools map and predict vaccine epitopes directly from pathogen protein sequences, but the tools can also be used to design vaccines in silico.…”

Section: New Vaccines For One Healthmentioning

confidence: 99%

New vaccines needed for pathogens infecting animals and humans

Gutiérrez

Spero

Zimic

et al. 2012

Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics

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The field of "One Health" encourages researchers to collaborate across a wide range of disciplines to improve health at the animal-human-ecosystems interface. One Health recognizes the potential of emerging infectious diseases to impact public health and global food security, and the need for a multidisciplinary approach to counteract the effect of these diseases. Vaccinologists are also beginning to engage in research related to One Health, recognizing that preventing transmission of emerging infectious diseases at the animal-human interface is critically important for protecting the world population from epizootics and pandemics. In this synopsis of recent work in the One Health field, we describe some emerging One Health pathogens, discuss the importance of One Health to food safety and biodefense, propose strategies for improving One Health including the development of new vaccines and new vaccine design approaches, and close with a brief discussion of the opportunities and risks related to One Health vaccine research.

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Tools for Vaccine Design: Prediction and Validation of Highly Immunogenic and Conserved Class II Epitopes and Development of Epitope‐Driven Vaccines

Cited by 2 publications

References 103 publications

An immunoinformatics approach for the design of a multi-epitope vaccine targeting super antigen TSST-1 of Staphylococcus aureus

An immunoinformatics approach for the design of a multi-epitope vaccine targeting super antigen TSST-1 of Staphylococcus aureus

New vaccines needed for pathogens infecting animals and humans

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