Tooth Breakage and Dental Disease as Causes of Carnivore–human Conflicts

Patterson, Bruce D.; Neiburger, E.J.; Kasiki, Samuel M.

doi:10.1644/1545-1542(2003)084<0190:tbadda>2.0.co;2

Cited by 32 publications

(31 citation statements)

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“…2 A and B and Table S1) verifies historical accounts that assigned the lion's share of human deaths to FMNH 23970 (14,16). This finding also agrees well with the infirmity hypothesis (18,29,30), which holds that physically impaired pantherids are more likely to resort to human depredation.…”

Section: Calculation Of Prey Contribution To Dietsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…1C), the skull of which revealed a fractured upper left carnassial (17) (Fig. 1D), which is relatively common among lions (18). Given that the attacks on humans and livestock ceased after December 9 and December 29, respectively, and on the basis of the appearance of each lion (the skins were described as being uniquely scored by thorns) (15), it is almost certain that the lions Patterson killed were those responsible for the human depredations.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Cooperation and individuality among man-eating lions

Yeakel

Patterson

Fox-Dobbs

et al. 2009

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Cooperation is the cornerstone of lion social behavior. In a notorious case, a coalition of two adult male lions from Tsavo, southern Kenya, cooperatively killed dozens of railway workers in 1898. The ''man-eaters of Tsavo'' have since become the subject of numerous popular accounts, including three Hollywood films. Yet the full extent of the lions' man-eating behavior is unknown; estimates range widely from 28 to 135 victims. Here we use stable isotope ratios to quantify increasing dietary specialization on novel prey during a time of food limitation. For one lion, the ␦ 13 C and ␦ 15 N values of bone collagen and hair keratin (which reflect dietary inputs over years and months, respectively) reveal isotopic changes that are consistent with a progressive dietary specialization on humans. These findings not only support the hypothesis that prey scarcity drives individual dietary specialization, but also demonstrate that sustained dietary individuality can exist within a cooperative framework. The intensity of human predation (up to 30% reliance during the final months of 1898) is also associated with severe craniodental infirmities, which may have further promoted the inclusion of unconventional prey under perturbed environmental conditions. individual dietary specialization ͉ Panthera leo ͉ Taita ͉ Tsavo

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Section: Calculation Of Prey Contribution To Dietsupporting

confidence: 90%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Cooperation and individuality among man-eating lions

Yeakel

Patterson

Fox-Dobbs

et al. 2009

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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“…In the case of Ossama, we believe that it was related to the severely damaged molar and the associated abscess leading to serious toothache and chewing problems. Dental problems amongst man-eating lions have also been reported by others (Peterhans and Gnoske 2001;Patterson et al 2003).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 60%

A man-eating lion (Panthera leo) from Tanzania with a toothache

Baldus¹

2005

Eur J Wildl Res

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Between August 2002 and April 2004, a maneating lion killed 35 people and injured at least 9 in a 350-km 2 area 150 km south-west of Dar es Salaam in Tanzania.Man-eating by lions is common in Southern Tanzania, but this case was exceptional due to the high number of victims attributed to a single animal. After having been killed by game scouts and villagers, it was found to be a young adult male. Dental examination revealed a broken upper left molar where a serious abscess and caries had developed. The lion must have been in permanent pain, and this probably explains its preference for man-eating. Most maneating lions in Tanzania are healthy animals without signs of infirmity.

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“…For example, the results of studies of wear-and-tear in insects are considered largely in the context of either aging theory [1][2][3] or age-determination technology [4][5][6][7], and only rarely in the context of fitness [8][9][10]. The literature on impairments in nonhuman vertebrates includes studies concerned with healed fractures [11,12], degenerative joint disease [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20], broken teeth and horns [21][22][23], and either diversionary [24][25][26], compensatory [27,28], or infirmity-elicited [29,30] behaviors. But there are no papers in the ecology, behavior and evolution literature that attempt to either generalize concepts or unify the field.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A search for principles of disability using experimental impairment of Drosophila melanogaster

Carey

Pinter‐Wollman

Wyman

et al. 2007

Experimental Gerontology

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The results of life table experiments to determine the effects of artificial impairment (leg amputation) in 7,500 D. melanogaster adults revealed that the extent to which life expectancy was reduced in impaired individuals was conditional on: (1) leg location and number amputated-front leg had greatest impact and the number of legs amputated directly correlated with mortality impact; (2) age of amputation-the greatest relative reduction in remaining life expectancy occurred when young flies were impaired; (3) vial orientation-mortality in impaired flies was the least when vials held upside-down (most friendly environment) and the greatest when they were right-side up (least friendly environment); and (4) sex-male mortality was reduced more than female mortality in nearly all impairment treatments. These results were used to formulate a set of general principles of disability that would apply not only to humans but to all organisms.

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Tooth Breakage and Dental Disease as Causes of Carnivore–human Conflicts

Cited by 32 publications

References 5 publications

Cooperation and individuality among man-eating lions

Cooperation and individuality among man-eating lions

A man-eating lion (Panthera leo) from Tanzania with a toothache

A search for principles of disability using experimental impairment of Drosophila melanogaster

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