Tooth Discoloration after Regenerative Endodontic Procedures with Calcium Silicate-Based Cements—An Ex Vivo Study

Palma, Paulo J.; Marques, Joana A; Santos, Joana; Falacho, Rui I; Sequeira, Diana; Diogo, Patrícia; Caramelo, Francisco; Ramos, João Carlos; Santos, João Miguel

doi:10.3390/app10175793

Cited by 39 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…White MTA has been reported to cause discoloration due to the presence of the bismuth oxide radiopacifier, requiring a search for alternatives. Mixing results in a grainy mass that is difficult to introduce and condense at the exposure site [3,[10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparison of Four Dental Pulp-Capping Agents by Cone-Beam Computed Tomography and Histological Techniques—A Split-Mouth Design Ex Vivo Study

Muruganandhan

Sundararajan

Poorni³

et al. 2021

Applied Sciences

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Dental pulp-capping is done to preserve vital teeth when the pulp is exposed due to caries, trauma or instrumentation. Various materials are used as pulp-capping agents. The introduction of newer materials requires scientific studies to assess their clinical efficacy. The study was designed as a split-mouth randomized analysis of four pulp-capping agents (calcium hydroxide, mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA), Biodentine and EndoSequence root repair material (ERRM)). Based on selection criteria, 15 orthodontic patients requiring the extraction of four premolars (60 teeth total) were included in the study. After pulp-capping, the teeth were extracted after 8 weeks. We analyzed the extracted teeth using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) and histological sections to determine the quality of the dentinal bridge and the pulpal response. Ordinal scores were given based on the completeness of the dentinal bridge, the type of bridge and the degree of pulpal inflammation. Results were analyzed using a Kruskal–Wallis test (p < 0.05) with post hoc Conover values being used when applicable. All four pulp-capping materials elicited dentinal bridge formation (60/60). MTA had the highest scores (10/15) in dentinal bridge formation followed by ERRM (8/15). Both materials showed more samples with complete dentinal bridges (9/15 each) and a favorable pulpal response (15/15). Teeth capped with calcium hydroxide showed more cases of incomplete bridge formation (9/15) and pulpal inflammation. These differences in dentinal bridge formation and pulpal inflammation were statistically significant (p 0.001 and p 0.00005, respectively), with post hoc tests revealing no significant differences between MTA and ERRM (p 0.49 and p 0.71, respectively). MTA and ERRM performed better than the other pulp-capping materials but did not differ significantly from each other. The individual preference for a pulp-capping material may be based on clinical efficacy and handling characteristics.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is widely used in pediatric dentistry due to its excellent sealing properties. Its disadvantages include slow setting time, difficulty in handling and tooth staining [10][11][12][13][14][15][16].…”

Section: Antimicrobialmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Four Dental Pulp-Capping Agents by Cone-Beam Computed Tomography and Histological Techniques—A Split-Mouth Design Ex Vivo Study

Muruganandhan

Sundararajan

Poorni³

et al. 2021

Applied Sciences

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“…This undesirable outcome may be caused by the use of calcium silicate cements in the apexification procedure [ 34 , 35 ], when they contain bismuth oxide as a radiopacifier [ 34 , 35 , 36 ]. The proper choice and the way to use a Portland cement may reduce the chances of this aesthetic consequence [ 34 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combined Management of Apical Root Fracture and Avulsion of Two Maxillary Permanent Central Incisors: A Case Report

et al. 2021

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As a result of a skiing accident, a ten-year-old girl suffered combined injuries to both maxillary central incisor teeth (#1.1 and #2.1). The injuries were uncomplicated crown fractures, apical horizontal root fractures, and a severe extrusive luxation of the coronal segments of the teeth. Her mother repositioned the teeth immediately, resulting in good initial healing. Nine months later, the patient was referred to a specialist to manage the endodontic consequences of the trauma. The apexification treatment of the fractured roots, using a preformed apical barrier technique with bioactive cement, was the treatment of choice, administered to both the avulsed roots at two separate recall visits. The best option for managing the fractured apical segments was to continue with the follow-up, which was conducted to assess the overall case at 30 months. The fractured apexes remained normally positioned inside the socket and were asymptomatic (as they presumably maintained a physiological vascular-nerve supply and, consequently, their vitality), while the apexification treatment led to the healing of the periodontal tissues and to hard tissue formation in the area of the interrupted roots in the avulsed portion of the teeth. The management of traumatic injuries in teeth often requires multiple treatment approaches, because these injuries rarely represent one single type of trauma.

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“…Different studies claim that discoloration of composite cements used in endodontic procedures is the major limitation for these kinds of materials [ 35 , 61 , 62 ]. Even if composite loaded with bismuth oxide filler showed negligible discoloration over time [ 63 ], a recent study reported that in particular conditions the discoloration in the long period could be significant [ 64 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical Characterization of Bismuth Oxide Nanoparticle Based Ceramic Composite for Future Biomedical Application

et al. 2021

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Employment and the effect of eco-friendly bismuth oxide nanoparticles (BiONPs) in bio-cement were studied. The standard method was adopted to prepare BiONPs-composite. Water was adopted for dispersing BiONPs in the composite. A representative batch (2 wt. % of BiONPs) was prepared without water to study the impact of water on composite properties. For each batch, 10 samples were prepared and tested. TGA (thermogravimetric analysis) performed on composite showed 0.8 wt. % losses in samples prepared without water whereas, maximum 2 wt. % weight losses observed in the water-based composite. Presence of BiONPs resulted in a decrease in depth of curing. Three-point bending flexural strength decreased for increasing BiONPs content. Comparative study between 2 wt. % samples with and without water showed 10.40 (±0.91) MPa and 28.45 (±2.50) MPa flexural strength values, respectively, indicating a significant (p < 0.05) increase of the mechanical properties at the macroscale. Nanoindentation revealed that 2 wt. % without water composites showed significant (p < 0.05) highest nanoindentation modulus 26.4 (±1.28) GPa and hardness 0.46 (±0.013) GPa. Usage of water as dispersion media was found to be deleterious for the overall characteristics of the composite but, at the same time, the BiONPs acted as a very promising filler that can be used in this class of composites.

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Tooth Discoloration after Regenerative Endodontic Procedures with Calcium Silicate-Based Cements—An Ex Vivo Study

Cited by 39 publications

References 31 publications

Comparison of Four Dental Pulp-Capping Agents by Cone-Beam Computed Tomography and Histological Techniques—A Split-Mouth Design Ex Vivo Study

Comparison of Four Dental Pulp-Capping Agents by Cone-Beam Computed Tomography and Histological Techniques—A Split-Mouth Design Ex Vivo Study

Combined Management of Apical Root Fracture and Avulsion of Two Maxillary Permanent Central Incisors: A Case Report

Physical Characterization of Bismuth Oxide Nanoparticle Based Ceramic Composite for Future Biomedical Application

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