Tooth enamel biomineralization in extant horses: implications for isotopic microsampling

Hoppe, Kathryn A.; Stover, Susan M.; Pascoe, John; Amundson, R.

doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2004.01.012

Cited by 179 publications

(237 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Enamel mineralization follows two phases: matrix formation and maturation, the organic matrix being deposited ahead of maturation (Suga 1982). Most of the mineralization occurs during the maturation stage and is a complex process both spatially and temporally (Suga et al 5 1979;Suga 1982;Robinson et al 1995;Hoppe et al 2004;Tafforeau et al 2007;see Towers et al 2014 for a summary of the process). According to isotopic studies, cattle molar enamel at any position on the crown takes at least 6-7 months to mineralize (Balasse 2002;Zazzo et al 2005).…”

Section: Oxygen and Carbon Stable Isotope Ratio Analysis Of Cattle Momentioning

confidence: 99%

Calving seasonality at Pool, Orkney during the first millennium AD: an investigation using intra-tooth isotope ratio analysis of cattle molar enamel

Towers

Mainland

Montgomery

et al. 2016

Environmental Archaeology

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(2016) 'Calving seasonality at Pool, Orkney during the rst millennium AD : an investigation using intra-tooth isotope ratio analysis of cattle molar enamel.', Environmental archaeology., 22 (1). pp. 40-55. Further information on publisher's website: Additional information:Use policyThe full-text may be used and/or reproduced, and given to third parties in any format or medium, without prior permission or charge, for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-prot purposes provided that:• a full bibliographic reference is made to the original source • a link is made to the metadata record in DRO • the full-text is not changed in any way The full-text must not be sold in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders.Please consult the full DRO policy for further details. IntroductionIn order to gain an understanding of the economic basis of prehistoric communities, the identification of dairying is essential, particularly in northwest Europe, where a high degree of lactose tolerance suggests that fresh milk has long been a significant dietary component. Currently, prehistoric dairying is investigated using a variety of techniques.The two techniques that have been most widely applied are the examination of faunal remains and compound-specific stable isotope analysis of lipids in pottery residues.Examination of faunal remains to determine age-at-death slaughter patterns (mortality profiles) and female to male ratios (Higham 1968;Payne 1973) allows the economic role of a particular species (e.g. for meat, wool, milk or traction) to be inferred (e.g.Legge 1981), whilst lipid analysis is effective at identifying the presence of milk products in the archaeological record (e.g. Dudd and Evershed 1998;Copley et al. 2005a). Recent developments in the detection of archaeological proteins have allowed the identification of milk proteins to species in both organic residues and human dental calculus (e.g. Hong et al. 2012;Buckley et al. 2013; Warinner et al. 2014).An additional approach to identify cattle (Bos taurus) dairying in prehistoric communities is explored in this paper: a possible relationship between calving seasonality, i.e. the distribution of births throughout the year, and economic focus. For economies focussed on the year-round production of fresh milk as a staple food product, it has been postulated that multiple-season calving would have been necessary (Towers et al. 2011;Balasse et al. 2012a;Gron et al. 2015). In contrast, a strategy of singleseason calving, probably in spring, may have been favoured for meat-based economies or economies focussed on storable milk products. Increasingly, birth seasonality of domestic herbivores has been investigated using intra-tooth isotope ratio analysis of molar enamel (e.g. Balasse et al. 2003;Balasse and Tresset 2007;Blaise and Balasse 2011;Towers et al. 2011;Balasse et al. 2012a;Balasse et al. 2012b;Tornero et al. 2013;Towers et al. 2014;Buchan et al. 2015;Gron et al. 2015).Each of the aforementioned techniques to identify p...

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Section: Oxygen and Carbon Stable Isotope Ratio Analysis Of Cattle Momentioning

confidence: 99%

Calving seasonality at Pool, Orkney during the first millennium AD: an investigation using intra-tooth isotope ratio analysis of cattle molar enamel

Towers

Mainland

Montgomery

et al. 2016

Environmental Archaeology

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“…However, it is hypothesized that herbivore enamel mineralization is somewhat more complicated, consisting of a matrix formation stage and a maturation stage (Suga, 1982). The maturation stage, when most of the mineralization occurs (Robinson et al, 1995), has been shown to be complex, both temporally and spatially (Hoppe et al, 2004;Tafforeau et al, 2007). By measuring the carbon isotope ratios of intra-tooth enamel samples from the molars of cattle that had changed diets between plant sources with different photosynthetic pathways (C 3 and C 4 ), Balasse (2002) has concluded that, at any position on the molar, mineralization takes ~6-7 months.…”

Section: Cattle Molar Intra-tooth Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

A calf for all seasons? The potential of stable isotope analysis to investigate prehistoric husbandry practices

Towers

Jay

Mainland

et al. 2011

Journal of Archaeological Science

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“…Hoppe et al 43 demonstrated that horse tooth enamel continues to mineralise after the tooth has erupted and that the input period represented by a transverse enamel section is several months. Kohn 44 estimated that enamel maturation continued for 5 months in equids and for 6 months in large cervids, resulting in an estimated damping factor of 40-50% in equids and cervids and, for oxygen isotopes specifically, the residence time of the isotope in the animal can lead to further dampening of 10%.…”

Section: Cervid and Equid Tooth Mineralisationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The third mandibular molar crowns of modern horses commence mineralisation at approximately 18 months of age and take around 3 years to complete. 43 The second mandibular molar crowns of modern red deer commence mineralisation around birth and are complete by the end of the first year of life. 48 Loss of enamel from the cusps through post-eruptive wear, however, will reduce the length of time represented by individual teeth.…”

Section: Cervid and Equid Tooth Mineralisationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Faunal migration in late‐glacial central Italy: implications for human resource exploitation

Pellegrini

Donahue

Chenery³

et al. 2008

Rapid Comm Mass Spectrometry

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The hunter-gatherer transhumance model presents foragers as specialised hunters of migratory ungulates, which moved seasonally between coastal lowlands and interior uplands. We studied six animal teeth of horse (Equus hydruntinus) and red deer (Cervus elaphus) from four different archaeological sites: the Grotta di Vado all'Arancio, Grotta di Settecannelle, Grotta Polesini and Grotta di Pozzo, in central Italy to test whether the migratory patterns and seasonal variations recorded in their teeth were consistent with expectations of the transhumance model for this region during the late Upper Palaeolithic. Sequential sub-samples of enamel were analysed from each tooth for oxygen, carbon and strontium isotope ratios to reconstruct mobility and yearly seasonal variations. The results show little evidence that these animals were moving over different geological terrains throughout the year, although small variations in Sr isotope ratios and concentrations were detected that corresponded to probable seasonal variations as shown by variability in oxygen isotope sequences. The results do, however, demonstrate that Cervus elaphus and Equus hydruntinus had different ranging behaviours, with the former moving over wider areas than the latter. This methodology produces results appropriate to assess animal migratory behaviour and, in turn, to test the consistency of proposed models of hunter-gatherer subsistence and mobility strategies. Copyright # 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.Eurasian hunter-gatherer populations experienced rapid and extreme environmental changes from the Last Glacial Maximum to the early Holocene (ca. 18 000 to 8000 BP). e.g. 1,2 During this period profound socio-economic changes and technological developments took place that culminated with the transition to agriculture. Various models have been applied to explore the relationship between the environment and hunter-gatherer behaviour during the late-glacial in Mediterranean Europe. The hunter-gatherer transhumance model, a variation of the seasonal mobility model originally developed by Higgs, 3,4 presents foragers as specialised hunters of migratory ungulates that moved seasonally between coastal lowlands and interior uplands. In Italy, Barker hypothesised that hunter-gatherers of the late Pleistocene followed seasonally migratory herd species including Cervus elaphus and Equus hydruntinus between the Apennine uplands and the coastal plains. 5,6 These two locations offer seasonally distinct opportunities for grazing species: in winter the mountains are inhospitable and cold while the coastal plains remain grass-covered. In summer, instead, the lowlands are dry with little vegetation and the mountains remain vegetated. These distinctions would have been intensified in the late Pleistocene, and Barker argued that the seasonal climatic variations of this Mediterranean landscape would have suited wild species of grazing herbivores that could migrate between these two regions. 6 Although the hunter-gatherer transhumance model is attractive for various reasons...

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Tooth enamel biomineralization in extant horses: implications for isotopic microsampling

Cited by 179 publications

References 23 publications

Calving seasonality at Pool, Orkney during the first millennium AD: an investigation using intra-tooth isotope ratio analysis of cattle molar enamel

Calving seasonality at Pool, Orkney during the first millennium AD: an investigation using intra-tooth isotope ratio analysis of cattle molar enamel

A calf for all seasons? The potential of stable isotope analysis to investigate prehistoric husbandry practices

Faunal migration in late‐glacial central Italy: implications for human resource exploitation

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