Tooth–implant connection: some biomechanical aspects based on finite element analyses

Abstract

This study investigated, with the use of two- and three-dimensional finite element analysis, the peri-implant stress that occurred during loading of a tooth that was rigidly connected to a distally placed implant. A fixed bond between the bone and the implant was assumed, while the periodontal ligament was represented by means of three-dimensional nonlinear visco-elastic spring elements. Two different loading conditions were compared in the study: i) an axially directed static load of 50 kg that was applied to the tooth for 10 s, and ii) a transitional load of 50 kg that was applied for 5 milliseconds. Load duration appeared to have a greater influence than load intensity on the stress distribution in the bone around an implant and a rigidly connected tooth. Static load is, therefore, potentially more harmful for peri-implant bone than transitional load. The periodontal ligament seems to play a key role in the stress distribution between a tooth and a rigidly connected implant.

Application of the finite element method in dental implant research

“…The strength of the enamel will be significantly less if it was impact tested parallel to the tubules of the enamel. For other parts of a tooth, Menicucci et al 30 found that Mucosa had a Young's modulus, E of 1 MPa and a Poisson's ratio, v of 0.37. It was also found that Pulp had a Young's modulus, E of 2 MPa and a Poisson's ratio, v of 0.45.…”

“…It was found common in many publications to assume either a vertical, oblique, occlusal, horizontal or a combination of the loads applied to the implant. 8,9,12,24,25,26,30,32,36,37,38,39,40 '[Insert figure 3 about here]'…”

“…This implies that under any loading the relative motion between jawbone and implant does not occur. 24,30,31 [4] An assumption of homogeneous, linear, elastic material behaviour for the jawbone is used which is characterised by a single Young's modulus and Poisson's ratio. 29,33,34 [5] The choice of implant design for each patient depends solely on the identification, by the clinician, of the patient's bone type.…”

Biomechanical outcomes of tooth-implant-supported fixed partial prostheses (FPPs) in periodontally healthy patients using root shape dental implants

“…Several authors advocate the use of a rigid connection 25,28,35,38,39 , which assumes a stiff junction between component parts of the structure with no relative motion of one part against another. The use of this type of connector reduces tooth intrusion incidence and transfers the load Meniccuci et al 28 implemented 2D and 3D FEAs to assess the stress in the bone around an implant and a tooth which are rigidly connected when a load is applied on the tooth. Two different loading conditions were compared in this study: an axially directed static load (10 seconds) and a transitional load (5 miliseconds).…”

“…Articles based on 2D FEA and photoelastic stress analysis methods were excluded because of their limitations and drawbacks (lack of information and accuracy). One of the included articles contained both 2D and 3D FEA methods 28 . Only information from 3D FEA results was extracted.…”