Tooth loss is associated with mild memory impairment in the elderly: The Fujiwara-kyo study

Okamoto, Nobuhiko; Morikawa, Masayuki; Okamoto, Kensuke; Habu, Noboru; Hazaki, Kan; Harano, Akihiro; Iwamoto, Junko; Tomioka, Kimiko; Saeki, Keigo; Kurumatani, Norio

doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2010.06.054

Cited by 59 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…They not only have a lower number of natural teeth, but also present with a higher prevalence and incidence of caries and with more untreated lesions than their cognitively healthy peers [46][47][48][49][50] . The presence of natural teeth in humans seems related to better cognitive functioning, with several plausible explanations for this correlation have been proposed 51 .…”

Section: Cognitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The presence of natural teeth in humans seems related to better cognitive functioning, with several plausible explanations for this correlation have been proposed 51 . Okamoto and collaborators 49 reviewed the literature on the interaction between occlusion and human brain function and concluded that 'mastication and other movements stimulate the activity in the cerebral cortex and may be helpful in preventing degradation of brain function'. The proposed reasoning is that blood flow in the brain is increased and parts of the cortex are activated during rhythmic chewing movements 52,53 .…”

Section: Cognitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Oral health for an ageing population: the importance of a natural dentition in older adults

Müller

Shimazaki

Kahabuka

et al. 2017

International Dental Journal

119

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Despite progress in dentistry, tooth loss in old age is still a reality, even more so in long-term-care residents. However, recent trends indicate that natural teeth are lost later in life. Functional decline and age-related pathologies have to be considered in oral health care for this vulnerable population. Retaining and restoring teeth and oral function in elders is important. Tooth loss significantly impairs masticatory performance, which cannot be fully restored by prosthodontic means. Hence an unconscious change in food intake occurs, often involving malnutrition and withdrawal from common meals. Poor oral appearance and bad breath may further impede social activities. Although a chewing activity may be beneficial for cognitive function, natural teeth can present a considerable risk for fragile elders, in whom aspiration of biofilm can lead to pneumonia and death. The presence of natural teeth is also correlated with higher life expectancy, but socio-economic confounding factors have to be considered. When evaluating oral health in the elderly population, standards and priorities for reporting oral health outcome measures have to be defined. Anatomical indicators such as the number of natural teeth or the presence of prostheses might be one option for reporting. However, functional indicators such as masticatory performance and patient-centred outcome measures may be more relevant. In conclusion, there is an overwhelming body of evidence that maintaining a healthy natural dentition in old age is beneficial from a structural, functional and psycho-social point of view.

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Section: Cognitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Cognitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oral health for an ageing population: the importance of a natural dentition in older adults

Müller

Shimazaki

Kahabuka

et al. 2017

International Dental Journal

119

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Recent epidemiological studies have demonstrated positive associations between tooth loss and increased risk of dementia, cognitive decline and mild memory impairment [5,6,7]. Kimura et al [8] recently reported that low chewing ability, associated with loss of teeth, was associated with lower cognitive functioning and depression in community dwelling elderly.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between Oral Health and the Risk of Lacunar Infarction in Japanese Adults

et al. 2013

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Background: Poor oral health is associated with an increased risk of dementia in the elderly. One possible pathway linking these two phenomena is lacunar infarction, a potential cause of dementia. An association between poor oral health and an increased risk of ischaemic stroke has been recognised through the oral infection-inflammation pathway. However, little is known about whether poor oral health is associated with the progression of lacunar infarction. Objective: We examined the association between variables related to oral health and lacunar infarction, as detected by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Methods: A total of 110 subjects (52 men, 58 women), aged 27-76 years, who visited our periodontology clinic participated in this study. The subjects underwent dental radiography, periodontal examinations and brain MRI. One experienced specialist in cardiovascular disease and one experienced neurosurgeon determined the number of lacunar infarctions on brain MRI. Periodontologists performed clinical periodontal examinations. Variables related to oral health were determined from the radiographs by an oral radiologist. Information on the subjects' lifestyles and disease histories were obtained using a structured questionnaire and confirmed by clinical records. Adjacent categories logit regression analysis with backward elimination was used to determine variables associated with three groups based on the number of lacunar infarctions. Results: Of the 110 subjects, 61 had lacunar infarctions. Nineteen had multiple (≥7) lesions. Aging (p = 0.0004), increased time spent in physical activity per day (p = 0.042), the presence of hypertension (p = 0.006), the absence of hyperlipidaemia (p = 0.045), the presence of diabetes mellitus (p = 0.025) and low alveolar bone height (p = 0.026) were significantly associated with an increased number of lacunar infarctions in the final regression model. The significance of hyperlipidaemia and alveolar bone height disappeared in an unadjusted model. An increased pocket depth, which indicates current periodontal disease progression, tended to be associated with an increased number of lacunar infarctions (p = 0.058). This tendency did not disappear in an unadjusted model. Conclusion: Our results suggest that lacunar infarction may be associated with current periodontal disease in Japanese adults.

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“…Further epidemiological, biological and intervention studies are needed to explore the mechanism that starts with a decline in masticatory function and leads to sarcopenia. There may be a combination of several factors involved in the relationship between oral health and bone metabolism (osteopenia/osteoporosis) 29 including depression 30 , cognitive decline 31,32 , social factors and nutritional status in elderly people.…”

Section: Masticatory Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There are supporting and nonsupporting published articles on the association between periodontal diseases and diabetes mellitus 19 , kidney disease 20 or bone metabolism 29 and between tooth loss and insufficient nutritional intake 13 , physical fitness 25,26 , cognitive function 31,32 , depression 30 and mortality 15 . The underlying link in these associations may be common risk factors such as tobacco use, diet, excessive alcohol consumption, stress and poor hygiene practices.…”

Section: Common Risk Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surveillance and monitoring of oral health in elderly people

Miyazaki

Jones

Beltrán-Aguilar

2017

International Dental Journal

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Continued ageing of the global population is expected to pose significant challenges to maintaining optimum lifelong health in individuals and populations. Oral health is an essential element of general health and quality of life throughout an individual's life course, yet it is often neglected in integrated approaches to general health promotion. Surveillance and monitoring systems are essential for developing oral health policy and strategy at both national and community levels. As major oral diseases, dental caries and periodontal diseases are core indicators for surveillance at every stage of life. In addition, oral mucosal lesions and masticatory function are essential indicators, especially in an ageing population. The assessment of risk factors such as tobacco use, alcohol consumption or dietary habits (e.g., sugar intake) is also important for oral disease prevention. Although surveillance is conducted through clinical examinations (normative assessments), this method is becoming more difficult to use because of high costs and human resource shortages, even in high‐income countries. Alternative and less resource‐demanding approaches, such as self‐reported protocols, are therefore needed at the global level. The World Health Organization's (WHO) oral health surveillance and monitoring activities have evolved into the Oral Health STEPwise approach, which includes questionnaire surveys (Step 1) and clinical examinations (Step 2). Collaboration between international organisations such as the World Dental Federation (FDI), WHO and the International Association for Dental Research (IADR) is now needed to coordinate global oral health surveillance and monitoring systems.

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Tooth loss is associated with mild memory impairment in the elderly: The Fujiwara-kyo study

Cited by 59 publications

References 46 publications

Oral health for an ageing population: the importance of a natural dentition in older adults

Oral health for an ageing population: the importance of a natural dentition in older adults

Association between Oral Health and the Risk of Lacunar Infarction in Japanese Adults

Surveillance and monitoring of oral health in elderly people

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