Tooth Retention and Tooth Loss in the Permanent Dentition of Adults: United States, 1988–1991

Marcus, Stuart G.; Drury, Thomas F.; Brown, L. Jackson; Zion, G.R.

doi:10.1177/002203459607502s08

Cited by 275 publications

(184 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…The pattern of tooth loss and alveolar bone resorption in D2600 and D3900 is similar to the breakdown sequence reported in modern humans (15,51) and Neanderthals (52), indicating similar mechanisms of dentognathic failure in Pleistocene Homo and modern humans. The alveolar bone resorption pattern of D3444/D3900 indicates that this individual survived without functional teeth for several years (28,45).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 78%

Tooth wear and dentoalveolar remodeling are key factors of morphological variation in the Dmanisi mandibles

Margvelashvili

Zollikofer

Lordkipanidze

et al. 2013

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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The Plio-Pleistocene hominin sample from Dmanisi (Georgia), dated to 1.77 million years ago, is unique in offering detailed insights into patterns of morphological variation within a paleodeme of early Homo. Cranial and dentoalveolar morphologies exhibit a high degree of diversity, but the causes of variation are still relatively unexplored. Here we show that wear-related dentoalveolar remodeling is one of the principal mechanisms causing mandibular shape variation in fossil Homo and in modern human huntergatherer populations. We identify a consistent pattern of mandibular morphological alteration, suggesting that dental wear and compensatory remodeling mechanisms remained fairly constant throughout the evolution of the genus Homo. With increasing occlusal and interproximal tooth wear, the teeth continue to erupt, the posterior dentition tends to drift in a mesial direction, and the front teeth become more upright. The resulting changes in dentognathic size and shape are substantial and need to be taken into account in comparative taxonomic analyses of isolated hominin mandibles. Our data further show that excessive tooth wear eventually leads to a breakdown of the normal remodeling mechanisms, resulting in dentognathic pathologies, tooth loss, and loss of masticatory function. Complete breakdown of dentognathic homeostasis, however, is unlikely to have limited the life span of early Homo because this effect was likely mediated by the preparation of soft foods.aging | compensatory mechanisms | toothpick | local periodontitis | early Pleistocene Homo A lthough patterns of dental micro-and macrowear and wearrelated pathologies are amply documented in the hominin fossil record (1-5), processes of in vivo dentoalveolar remodeling (3, 6, 7) and their potential influence on dentognathic morphology are only beginning to be studied in fossil hominins (8). In modern human hunter-gatherer populations, remodeling of dentoalveolar hard tissue is triggered mainly by dental wear, aging, pathologies, and trauma. Wear-related remodeling can be understood as a mechanism of in vivo modification that maintains masticatory function (3,7,(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14). Three main processes are typically identified (Fig. 1): i) Wear-induced reduction of dental crown height leads to alterations in masticatory biomechanics. This triggers alveolar bone remodeling, yielding dislocation of dental structures and eventual continuous eruption of all teeth. As an effect, occlusal contact between upper and lower teeth is maintained (15-17), and the position and orientation of the occlusal plane relative to the temporomandibular joints (TMJs) is held approximately constant, thus preventing the "wear-out" (18) of the TMJs. ii) The reduction of mesiodistal crown dimensions through interproximal dental wear triggers alveolar bone remodeling in the mesiodistal direction. This leads to mesial drift of the postcanine dentition and shortening of the dental arcade (19).iii) In the anterior dentition, remodeling induced by interproximal wear results in increas...

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 78%

Tooth wear and dentoalveolar remodeling are key factors of morphological variation in the Dmanisi mandibles

Margvelashvili

Zollikofer

Lordkipanidze

et al. 2013

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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“…Although oral disease is the most common type of infectious challenge in humans [2], it is only in the last 20 years that investigators have explored its relationship with CVD and mortality rates in a modest series of studies [3][4][5][6][7][8][9]. This association has some plausibility.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oral disease and subsequent cardiovascular disease in people with type 2 diabetes: a prospective cohort study based on the Action in Diabetes and Vascular Disease: Preterax and Diamicron Modified-Release Controlled Evaluation (ADVANCE) trial

Chalmers

Czernichow

et al. 2010

Diabetologia

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Aims/hypothesis While there are plausible biological mechanisms linking oral health with cardiovascular disease (CVD) and mortality rates, no study, to our knowledge, has examined this association in a representative population of people with type 2 diabetes. Methods We used the Action in Diabetes and Vascular Disease: Preterax and Diamicron Modified-Release Controlled Evaluation (ADVANCE) study, a large, detailed, randomised controlled trial among a general population of individuals with type 2 diabetes. For the purposes of the present analyses, data from the trial are used within a prospective cohort study design. A total of 10,958 men and women, aged 55 to 88 years and with type 2 diabetes, participated in a baseline medical examination, during which they counted their number of natural teeth and reported the number of days that their gums had bled over the preceding year. Study members were followed up for mortality and morbidity over 5 years.Results After controlling for a range of potential confounding factors, the group with no teeth had a markedly increased risk of death due to all causes (HR 1.48, 95% CI 1.24-1.78), CVD (1.35, 1.05-1.74) and non-CVD (1.64, 1.26-2.13), relative to the group with the most teeth (≥22 teeth).

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“…2 Alveolar bone resorption can occur due to a variety of factors, such as endodontic pathology, periodontitis, trauma, aggressive surgical procedures during implant therapy, or surgical management of periapical infection. 3,4 Periapical infections have been proven to be the root cause of alveolar bone resorption especially in case of maxillary teeth where buccal/labial plate is thin and porous. This results in the spread of the infection more palatally, resulting in considerable loss of alveolar height.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Three-dimensional Finite Element Analysis of Stress Distribution in the Cortical Bone in Single Tooth Implant and Post Core-treated Tooth subjected to variable Loads

Rao¹,

Arora²,

Hameed³

2017

International Journal of Prosthodontics and Restorative Dentistry

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Purpose: In spite of many advances in the field of prosthetic dentistry, the choice of whether to treat and retain a grossly compromised tooth or to extract and replace with an implant is debatable. Alveolar bone preservation is one of the main criteria to select the treatment option. This is directly affected by the stress generated in the cortical bone under variable loads and is therefore, relevant. Materials and methods:Two three-dimensional finite element models were generated in relation to maxillary second premolar using ANSYS software. Model-I was parallel-tapered titanium implant with screw-retained titanium abutment and porcelain fused to metal (PFM) crown. Model-P was fiber post and composite resin core with PFM crown. Luting cement was resin cement. Both the models were surrounded by homogeneous and isotropic cortical and cancellous bone, and were subjected to variable loads of 300, 400, and 500 N in axial (0°) and nonaxial (15°, 45°) directions. Results: Stress in the cortical bone in megapascal (MPa) inModel-I/Model-P when subjected to variable loads in newtons (N) in axial direction was 300 N -37.6 MPa/47.3 MPa; 400 N -50.2 MPa/63.0 MPa; 500 N -62.7 MPa/63.0 MPa. 15°-300 N -68.5 MPa/65.9 MPa; 400 N -91.3 MPa/87.9 MPa; 500 N -114.2 MPa/87.9 MPa. 45° -300 N -136.3 MPa/88.9 MPa; 400 N -181.8 MPa/118.5 MPa; 500 N -227.2 MPa/118.5 MPa. Conclusion:Within the limitation of this study, it was concluded that on axial loading, both the treatment modalities showed no significant difference, but on nonaxial loading, the cortical bone in the implant model showed to have considerably higher stress than post core-treated tooth model. Hence, given a choice, this study favors retaining and restoring a compromised tooth with post core and crown rather than extracting and replacing with an implant.

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Tooth Retention and Tooth Loss in the Permanent Dentition of Adults: United States, 1988–1991

Cited by 275 publications

References 26 publications

Tooth wear and dentoalveolar remodeling are key factors of morphological variation in the Dmanisi mandibles

Tooth wear and dentoalveolar remodeling are key factors of morphological variation in the Dmanisi mandibles

Oral disease and subsequent cardiovascular disease in people with type 2 diabetes: a prospective cohort study based on the Action in Diabetes and Vascular Disease: Preterax and Diamicron Modified-Release Controlled Evaluation (ADVANCE) trial

A Three-dimensional Finite Element Analysis of Stress Distribution in the Cortical Bone in Single Tooth Implant and Post Core-treated Tooth subjected to variable Loads

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