Toothpastes for children and their detergent contents affect molecular mechanisms of odontogenesis in zebrafish embryos

Karaman, Gözde Ece; Ünal, İsmail; Beler, Merih; Üstündağ, Fümet Duygu; Cansız, Derya; Üstündağ, Ünsal Veli; Emekli-Alturfan, Ebru; Akyüz, Serap

doi:10.1080/01480545.2022.2150208

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Additionally, SLS was shown to induce skin irritation and melanocytotoxicity [79]. SLS alone or when present in children's toothpastes altered the expression of genes linked with odontogenesis and perturbed the oxidant-antioxidant balance in zebrafish embryos [80]. Moreover, another detergent CAPB was shown to demonstrate similar adverse effects as that of SLS in the previous study [80]; the authors further showed that children's toothpastes without any detergent were deemed the safest alternative.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…SLS alone or when present in children's toothpastes altered the expression of genes linked with odontogenesis and perturbed the oxidant-antioxidant balance in zebrafish embryos [80]. Moreover, another detergent CAPB was shown to demonstrate similar adverse effects as that of SLS in the previous study [80]; the authors further showed that children's toothpastes without any detergent were deemed the safest alternative. As the gingiva of children has less keratinization than adults, it is more susceptible to surfactant-induced injuries, particularly SLS [35,54].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

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Effect of Commercial Children’s Mouthrinses and Toothpastes on the Viability of Neonatal Human Melanocytes: An In Vitro Study

Goenka,

Lee

2023

Dentistry Journal

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In this study, we examined the cytotoxic effects of six commercial children’s mouthrinses (designated as #1, #2, #3, #4, #5, and #6) and four commercial children’s toothpastes (designated as #1, #2, #3, and #4) on primary human neonatal melanocytes that were used as a representative model for oral melanocytes. Mouthrinses diluted directly with culture medium (1:2, 1:5, 1:10, 1:100, and 1:1000) were added to monolayers of melanocytes for 2 min, followed by 24 h recovery, after which MTS cytotoxicity assay was conducted. The extracts of each toothpaste were prepared (50% w/v), diluted in culture medium (1:2, 1:5, 1:10, 1:50, 1:100, and 1:1000), and added to cell monolayers for 2 min (standard brushing time), followed by an analysis of cell viability after 24 h. Results showed that all mouthrinses except mouthrinse #4 showed significantly greater loss of cell viability, ascribed to cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC) that induced significant cytotoxicity to melanocytes (IC50 = 54.33 µM). In the case of toothpastes, the examination of cellular morphology showed that a 2 min exposure to all toothpaste extracts induced a concentration-dependent decline in cell viability, pronounced in toothpaste containing sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) detergent. Further results suggested SLS to be the critical driver of cytotoxicity (IC50 = 317.73 µM). It is noteworthy that toothpaste #1 exhibited much lower levels of cytotoxicity compared to the other three toothpastes containing SLS. Taken together, these findings suggest that the melanocytotoxicity of children’s mouthrinse (#4) and toothpaste (#1) is comparatively low. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to examine the impact of children’s toothpastes and mouthrinses on neonatal primary human melanocytes. Future studies to investigate these findings in a realistic scenario replicating oral cavity conditions of the presence of microbiota, pellicle layer and saliva, and other cell types are warranted.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Effect of Commercial Children’s Mouthrinses and Toothpastes on the Viability of Neonatal Human Melanocytes: An In Vitro Study

Goenka,

Lee

2023

Dentistry Journal

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“…For all experiments, reverse osmosis water supplemented with 0.018 mg/L sea salt (Instant OceanTM, USA) was used. After natural breeding, fertilized embryos were obtained, cultured, and classified based on development time and characteristic morphology using a Zeiss Discovery V8 stereomicroscope (Germany) (14).…”

Section: Development Of Zebrafish Embryosmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of the Toxicologic and Biochemical Effects of Silk Fibroin/Gold Nanoparticles-Based Nanofiber Using Zebrafish Embryos

Özcan,

Unal,

Tufan

et al. 2023

experimed

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Effects of a Common Surfactant Sodium Lauryl Sulfate on Early Life Stages of Two Fish and One Amphibian Species

Zicarelli,

Impellitteri,

Faggio

et al. 2024

Water Air Soil Pollut

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Toothpastes for children and their detergent contents affect molecular mechanisms of odontogenesis in zebrafish embryos

Cited by 4 publications

References 41 publications

Effect of Commercial Children’s Mouthrinses and Toothpastes on the Viability of Neonatal Human Melanocytes: An In Vitro Study

Effect of Commercial Children’s Mouthrinses and Toothpastes on the Viability of Neonatal Human Melanocytes: An In Vitro Study

Investigation of the Toxicologic and Biochemical Effects of Silk Fibroin/Gold Nanoparticles-Based Nanofiber Using Zebrafish Embryos

Effects of a Common Surfactant Sodium Lauryl Sulfate on Early Life Stages of Two Fish and One Amphibian Species

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