Top Development of Green-Light Pyrotechnics: Hypergolic Cu(II)-Based Coordination Polymers

Abstract

Guided by structural chemistry and crystallization chemistry, two coordination polymers Cu(AOCA) 2 (NO 3 ) 2 (ECPs-1) and [Cu(PZCA)(NO 3 )](NO 3 ) (ECPs-2) were prepared by reacting 4-amino-1,2,5-oxadiazole-3-carbohydrazide (AOCA) and pyrazole-4-carbohydrazide (PZCA) with Cu(NO 3 ) 2 , respectively, and their structures and properties were characterized. Single-crystal XRD proved that ECPs-1 was a solvent-free 0D structure, while ECPs-2 was a one-dimensional (1D) structure containing coordinated water. TG-DSC tests manifested that ECPs-1 had better thermal stability (T ted = 159 °C), while ECPs-2 had a better decomposition rate (ΔT = 25 °C). In addition, their safety was evaluated by measuring their combustion heat and mechanical sensitivity. Using only ECPs-1 and ECPs-2 as the main components of the pyrotechnic agents, the combustion performance and flame color effect were studied. The results proved that they both have the potential to be used as pyrotechnics, and the purity of ECPs-1 is higher, reaching 79%.

Regulating the Coordination Environment by Using Isomeric Ligands: Enhancing the Energy and Sensitivity of Energetic Coordination Compounds

“…As a molecular entity in the realm of EMs, energetic coordination compounds (ECCs) with their distinctive structures find extensive applications in primary explosives, , pyrotechnics, , propellants, , and other related fields. According to whether the ligands are deprotonated, the types of metals, and whether they contain anions, ECCs can be roughly divided into four categories (shown in Scheme , path 2).…”

“…Although 2-(5-amino-1H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl)-2-nitroethene-1,1-diamine (P1-3) and (Z)-1-hydrazinyl-2-nitro-2-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl)ethen-1-amine (P1-4) have similar density and detonation velocities, P1-3 exhibits a higher thermal decomposition temperature and lower mechanical sensitivity (shown in Scheme 1, path 1b). 25 As a molecular entity in the realm of EMs, energetic coordination compounds (ECCs) with their distinctive structures find extensive applications in primary explosives, 26,27 pyrotechnics, 28,29 propellants, 30,31 and other related fields. According to whether the ligands are deprotonated, the types of metals, and whether they contain anions, ECCs can be roughly divided into four categories (shown in Scheme 1, path 2).…”

Metal Salts of 4-Chloro-3,5-dinitropyrazole for Promising Eco-Friendly Primary Colors Pyrotechnics

“…However, the flame color did not meet the desired expectations. Therefore, there is a need to explore new design concepts for developing efficient and effective pyrotechnic compositions. , Traditional explosives, such as TNT, RDX, and HMX, have good thermal safety and performance as their oxidation and reducing agents are confined within a single molecule . Building on this principle, we propose a new approach for designing luminescent agents termed “all in one”, which incorporates nitro as the oxidant, pyrazole ring as the combustible agent, chlorine as flame enhancer, and characteristic metal as the colorant.…”