Top-Down Versus Bottom-Up Control of Attention in the Prefrontal and Posterior Parietal Cortices

Buschman, Timothy J.

doi:10.1126/science.1138071

Cited by 2,118 publications

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“…3b). The observation that mid-and high-gamma activity were related to the phase consistency of beta and theta activity, respectively, extends the ideas that gamma frequency variations reflect information routing 32,34,45,46 and that message-passing is indexed by specific hierarchical combinations of slow and high frequencies (low/high frequency ratio) 47 .The current data demonstrate that violating intermodal expectations changes the neural dynamics of slow (delta and theta) brain activity, and increases the coordination between local low-beta and high-gamma oscillatory activity. Our data suggest that this transition occurs in brain regions where audio-visual predictions are likely updated (STS) and new prediction errors generated (auditory and visual cortices).…”

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confidence: 70%

Transitions in neural oscillations reflect prediction errors generated in audiovisual speech

2011

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According to the predictive coding theory, top-down predictions are conveyed by backward connections and prediction errors are propagated forward across the cortical hierarchy. Using MEG in humans, we show that violating multisensory predictions causes a fundamental and qualitative change in both the frequency and spatial distribution of cortical activity. When visual speech input correctly predicted auditory speech signals, a slow delta regime (3-4 Hz) developed in higher-order speech areas. In contrast, when auditory signals invalidated predictions inferred from vision, a low-beta (14-15 Hz) / high-gamma (60-80 Hz) coupling regime appeared locally in a multisensory area (area STS). This frequency shift in oscillatory responses scaled with the degree of audio-visual congruence and was accompanied by increased gamma activity in lower sensory regions. These findings are consistent with the notion that bottom-up prediction errors are communicated in predominantly high (gamma) frequency ranges, whereas top-down predictions are mediated by slower (beta) frequencies.© 2011 Nature America, Inc. All rights reserved.7 9 8 VOLUME 14 | NUMBER 6 | JUNE 2011 nature neurOSCIenCe a r t I C l e S converge-that is, where multisensory predictions are generatedwhereas gamma activity was seen in lower sensory cortices where prediction errors emerge and are propagated forward. RESULTSWe presented 15 subjects with stimuli in one of three conditions: videos (audio-visual: AV condition) of a speaker pronouncing the syllables /pa/, / a/, /la/, /ta/, /ga/ and /fa/ (International Phonetic Alphabet notation); an auditory track of these videos combined with a still face (auditory: A condition); or a mute visual track (visual: V condition). The videos could be either natural or a random combination of auditory and visual tracks, creating conditions in which auditory and visual tracks were congruent (AVc condition) and ones in which they were incongruent (AVi condition; see Online Methods and Supplementary Fig. 1). Incongruent combinations yielding fusion illusory percepts-that is, McGurk stimuli-were excluded 8,11 . Subjects performed an unrelated target detection task on the syllable /fa/ that was presented in A, V or AVc form in 13% of the trials (97% correct detection). These trials were subsequently excluded from the analyses. The five other syllables were chosen because they yielded graded recognition accuracy when presented visually (Fig. 1a), resulting from an increasing predictiveness 10 . The phonological prediction conveyed by mouth movements (visemes) varies in specificity depending on the pronounced syllable. Typically, syllables beginning with a consonant that is formed at the front of the mouth (/p/, /m/) convey a more specific prediction than those formed at the back (/g/, /k/, /r/, /l/) 8 . Our second experimental factor pertained to the validity of the visual prediction with respect to the auditory input. Physically, the audio-visual stimuli could be either congruent (valid prediction) or incongruent (invalid prediction), w...

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confidence: 70%

Transitions in neural oscillations reflect prediction errors generated in audiovisual speech

2011

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“…The power of gamma activity is increased during cognitive processes [Corbetta and Shulman, 2002]. Previous studies have reported associations between attention and gamma frequency synchronization to integrate neural assemblies associated with a specific sensory object [Jensen et al, 2007], and gamma band changes have been reported across the visual cortex, frontal eye fields, SPL, and dorsal lateral prefrontal cortex [Buschman and Miller, 2007; Ossandon et al, 2012]. The decreased power in low‐frequency bands and increased power in high‐frequency bands in this study is compatible with these findings and shows that common brain areas were actively involved during the two tasks.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neural correlates of spatial and nonspatial attention determined using intracranial electroencephalographic signals in humans

Park

Kim

Park

et al. 2016

Human Brain Mapping

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Few studies have directly compared the neural correlates of spatial attention (i.e., attention to a particular location) and nonspatial attention (i.e., attention to a feature in the visual scene) using well‐controlled tasks. Here, we investigated the neural correlates of spatial and nonspatial attention in humans using intracranial electroencephalography. The topography and number of electrodes showing significant event‐related desynchronization (ERD) or event‐related synchronization (ERS) in different frequency bands were studied in 13 epileptic patients. Performance was not significantly different between the two conditions. In both conditions, ERD in the low‐frequency bands and ERS in the high‐frequency bands were present bilaterally in the parietal cortex (prominently on the right hemisphere) and frontal regions. In addition to these common changes, spatial attention involved right‐lateralized activity that was maximal in the right superior parietal lobule (SPL), whereas nonspatial attention involved wider brain networks including the bilateral parietal, frontal, and temporal regions, but still had maximal activity in the right parietal lobe. Within the parietal lobe, spatial attention involved ERD or ERS in the right SPL, whereas nonspatial attention involved ERD or ERS in the right inferior parietal lobule. These findings reveal that common as well as different brain networks are engaged in spatial and nonspatial attention. Hum Brain Mapp 37:3041–3054, 2016. © 2016 The Authors Human Brain Mapping Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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“…Hipp et al (2011) have identified large scale beta synchronization in a distinctive network of frontal, parietal and extrastriate visual areas in relation to visual perceptual organization. Fronto-parietal synchrony in the beta band also has been associated with visual search (Buschman and Miller, 2007), integration of visual information and perceptual grouping (Srinivasan et al, 1999;Phillips and Takeda, 2009;Phillips et al, 2012;Volberg and Greenlee, 2014;Castellano et al, 2014), visual attention (Gross et al, 2004;Marois et al, 2000;Wróbel, 2000), and visual object recognition (Sehatpour et al, 2008;Castellano et al, 2014). These previous studies, however, point to the existence of ongoing fronto-parietal beta synchronization that modulates brain responses to visual input (Gross et al, 2004;Liang et al 2002;Hipp et al, 2011), or beta synchrony at later stages (150-300 ms) of visual stimulus processing (Phillips et al, 2012;Sehatpour et al, 2008;Dehaene and Changeux, 2011).…”

Section: Fronto-parietal Beta Synchronization During Visual Processingmentioning

confidence: 98%

Synchronization of fronto-parietal beta and theta networks as a signature of visual awareness in neglect

et al. 2017

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The version presented here may differ from the published version or from the version of record. If you wish to cite this item you are advised to consult the publisher's version. Please see the repository url above for details on accessing the published version and note that access may require a subscription. In the neglect syndrome, the perceptual deficit for contra-lesional hemi-space is increasingly viewed as a dysfunction of fronto-parietal cortical networks, the disruption of which has been described in neuroanatomical and hemodynamic studies. Here we exploit the superior temporal resolution of electroencephalography (EEG) to study dynamic transient connectivity of fronto-parietal circuits at early stages of visual perception in neglect. As reflected by interregional phase synchronization in a full-field attention task, two functionally distinct frontoparietal networks, in beta (15-25 Hz) and theta (4-8 Hz) frequency bands, were related to stimulus discrimination within the first 200 ms of visual processing. Neglect pathology was specifically associated with significant suppressions of both beta and theta networks engaging right parietal regions. These connectivity abnormalities occurred in a pattern that was distinctly different from what was observed in right-hemisphere lesion patients without neglect. Also, both beta and theta abnormalities contributed additively to visual awareness decrease, quantified in the Behavioural Inattention Test. These results provide evidence for the impairment of fast dynamic fronto-parietal interactions during early stages of visual processing in neglect pathology. Also, they reveal that different modes of fronto-parietal dysfunction contribute independently to deficits in visual awareness at the behavioural level.

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Top-Down Versus Bottom-Up Control of Attention in the Prefrontal and Posterior Parietal Cortices

Cited by 2,118 publications

References 28 publications

Transitions in neural oscillations reflect prediction errors generated in audiovisual speech

Transitions in neural oscillations reflect prediction errors generated in audiovisual speech

Neural correlates of spatial and nonspatial attention determined using intracranial electroencephalographic signals in humans

Synchronization of fronto-parietal beta and theta networks as a signature of visual awareness in neglect

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