2005
DOI: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2005.01.028
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Topical Anesthetics for Dermal Instrumentation: A Systematic Review of Randomized, Controlled Trials

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Cited by 81 publications
(57 citation statements)
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“…On the other hand, lidocaine and prilocaine are less efficient and less potent than tetracaine-based gels, which exhibits a longer duration due to the prolonged connection with the sodium channel of the nerve fibers (Eidelman et al, 2005, Romsing et al, 1999). …”
Section: Accepted Articlementioning
confidence: 98%
“…On the other hand, lidocaine and prilocaine are less efficient and less potent than tetracaine-based gels, which exhibits a longer duration due to the prolonged connection with the sodium channel of the nerve fibers (Eidelman et al, 2005, Romsing et al, 1999). …”
Section: Accepted Articlementioning
confidence: 98%
“…Topical local anaesthesia reduced pain associated with IV cannulation, but amethocaine was more effective than EMLA® and had more rapid onset (Lander et al, 2006 Level I). Lignocaine administered by iontophoresis (Zempsky et al, 2004 Level II) or liposomal lignocaine 4% cream (Eidelman, Weiss, Lau et al, 2005 Level I) had a more rapid onset and was as effective as EMLA® for venipuncture and IV cannulation. A needleless device that delivers 1% buffered lignocaine under high pressure from a compressed carbon dioxide gas cartridge was effective within 3 minutes, and produced more effective skin anaesthesia than EMLA® (Jimenez et al, 2006 Level II).…”
Section: Venipuncture and Intravenous Cannulationmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Only one pair of tracks per AVF was created, and no anesthetic agent was ever used. 16 The pairs of tracks were always formed following the direction of blood flow, so that the arterial track was never cannulated in the opposite flow direction. After track formation, estimated to occur between the eighth and twelfth cannulation, initial cannulation with blunt needles and backeye was performed by the same nurse who had formed the tracks.…”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%