Topical Bromfenac Sodium for Long-Term Management of Vernal Keratoconjunctivitis

Abstract

Background/Aims: We evaluated the efficacy and safety of long-term management of patients with vernal keratoconjunctivitis (VKC) with bromfenac sodium eye drops in combination with corticosteroids and anti-allergic eye drops. Methods: Twenty-two patients with VKC were randomly assigned to receive two test eye drops, either bromfenac sodium 0.1% (group A) or placebo eye drops (normal saline; group B) for a mean observation period of 20.9 months. Topical corticosteroids and mast cell stabilizers were continued during the observation period. Results: The mean 2-year recurrence rate was 90.9% in group A and 11.3% in group B, with a significant difference. No serious side effect was observed in group A. Conclusion: These results suggest that bromfenac sodium eye drops can be used as baseline local treatment in patients with VKC.

Pharmacokinetics and Efficacy of Topically Applied Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs in Retinochoroidal Tissues in Rabbits

“…Thus, we conclude that these three eye drops should be effective against inflammations of the anterior segment of the eye as has been found in clinical reports [11]–[13], [38]–[40]. Thus, our model simulating the local concentration based upon the results of a single application was able to support the clinical efficacy of these three NSAID drugs.…”

“…Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) have proven to be safe and effective alternatives to steroids in the management of ocular inflammations [10]. Currently, these drugs are used topically for the inhibition of intraoperative miosis, management of postoperative inflammation, and other inflammatory conditions [11]–[13]. Although it is not at the clinical level, 0.5% indomethacin ophthalmic suspension containing hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (Indom, Alfa Intes Srl, Casoria, Italy) or 0.1% indomethacin ophthalmic solution with hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (Indocollirio, Bausch & Lomb IOM SpA, Vimodrone, Italy) attain high concentrations in ocular tissues in rabbits [14].…”

Ocular Pharmacokinetics of a Single Dose of Bromfenac Sodium Ophthalmic Solution 0.1% in Human Aqueous Humor

“…In Japan, the concentration of 0.1% includes the molecular weight of both bromfenac and sodium (0.1%), whereas in the United States, the formulation is represented as free acid (0.09%). Bromfenac has been evaluated in a variety of clinical settings for both acute and chronic applications, including miosis prevention, 29 CME, 8,30 anterior uveitis, 31 allergic conjunctivitis, 32 vernal keratoconjunctivitis, 33 postrefractive surgery, 34,35 corneal ulcer pain, 36 postpterygium surgery, 37 and external ocular inflammation, including blepharitis, scleritis, and episcleritis. 25 The chemical structure of bromfenac enhances both its potency and its ability to penetrate ocular tissues.…”

Topical loteprednol etabonate 0.5 % for treatment of vernal keratoconjunctivitis: efficacy and safety

“…Before starting treatment and at each visit thereafter, the major symptoms and signs of VKC including itching, redness, tearing, foreign body sensation, burning, hyperemia, chemosis, Trantas' dots and corneal pannus formation were recorded separately and graded as 0 (none), 1 (mild), 2 (moderate) or 3 (severe) [18,19]. Adverse event reports, including increased lacrimation and foreign body sensation, corneal staining/erosion and conjunctivitis were recorded.…”