Topical ketamine and morphine for post-tonsillectomy pain

Abstract

Topical ketamine and morphine seems to be a safe and easy analgesic approach for decreasing adenotonsillectomy pain.

Analgesic efficacy of topical tramadol in the control of postoperative pain in children after tonsillectomy

“…They reported higher pain scores on arrival in the recovery room in the placebo group. They found morphine and ketamine groups had longer effective analgesia time and reduced analgesic requirement on the first postoperative day than the mixture of morphine plus ketamine and control groups [10].…”

Wherefore ketamine?

“…It has been delivered via the intravenous, intramuscular, rectal, subcutaneous [42], transdermal [43], topical [43], oral [44], intranasal [45], sublingual [46], transmucosal [47,48], epidural, and intrathecal routes. It has been gargled [49], locally infiltrated [50], and used in intravenous regional anesthesia [51].…”

Comparison of the Effects of Topical Ketamine and Tramadol on Postoperative Pain After Mandibular Molar Extraction

“…Other studies used ketamine topically after tonsillectomy; the treatment produced an analgesic effect and decreased the need for rescue medication. [14][15][16] Satilmiş et al 12 investigated the efficacy of adding ketamine to local anesthetic agents to increase the duration of regional anesthesia and postoperative analgesia during surgical extraction of third molars. They concluded that the combination of a local anesthetic and sub-anesthetic doses of ketamine can produce good local anesthesia.…”