Despite many advances in the treatment of obstructive sleep apnea with CPAP therapy, adherence remains poor in many patients. To optimize the treatment of OSA, it is crucial to enhance the efficacy and effectiveness of CPAP. Identifying barriers to CPAP use, applying technological advancements, and implementing strategies to maximize both the therapeutic response and rate of adherence are fundamentally important in the care of patients with OSA. We review the current literature and provide personal anecdotes, emphasizing the importance of patient education as well as common troubleshooting strategies, particularly during the initial phase of therapy.