Topographical distribution and morphology of NADPH-diaphorase-stained neurons in the human claustrum

Hinova-Palova, Dimka; Edelstein, Lawrence; Landzhov, Boycho; Minkov, Minko; Malinova, Lina; Hristov, Stanislav; Denaro, Frank; Alexandrov, Alexandar; Kiriakova, Teodora; Brainova, Ilina; Paloff, Adrian; Ovtscharoff, Wladimir

doi:10.3389/fnsys.2014.00096

Cited by 18 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 105 publications

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“…Previous screens for NADPH-d or calretinin have also reported a range of large, medium, and small neurons [22, 23]. In accord, our NADPH-d material had a few large neurons (>20μm longest axis), as well as a larger number of small (d= 10μm or less) faintly stained neurons.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 83%

WFA-labeled perineuronal nets in the macaque claustrum

Pletikos

Rockland

2018

Claustrum

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Background: The claustrum (CLA) has been discussed as central to integrated conscious percepts, although recent evidence has emphasized a role in detecting sensory novelty or in amplifying correlated cortical inputs. Objective: We report that many neurons in the macaque CLA are ensheathed in perineuronal nets (PNNs), which contribute to synaptic stability and enhance neuronal excitability, among other properties. Design: We visualized PNNs by wisteria floribunda agglutinin (WFA) immunohistochemistry, and quantified these in comparison these to parvalbumin+ (PV) subsets and total neurons. Results: PNNs ensheath about 11% of the total neurons. These are a range of large, medium, and small neurons, likely corresponding to PV+ and/or other inhibitory interneurons. The PNNs were themselves heterogeneous, consisting of lattice-like, weakly labeled, and diffuse subtypes, and showed some regional preference for the medial CLA. Conclusion: The abundant neuronal labeling by PNNs in the CLA suggests an important and nuanced role for inhibition, consistent with recent physiological studies of claustrocortical circuitry. For comparison, diversified inhibition in the reticular nucleus of the thalamus (a pan-inhibitory nucleus, with extensive cortical input) exerts a spectrum of control at different local and global spatiotemporal scales. Further investigation of PNN+ neurons in the macaque CLA offers a potentially important new approach to CLA function, relevant to the human brain both in normal and diseased conditions.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 83%

WFA-labeled perineuronal nets in the macaque claustrum

Pletikos

Rockland

2018

Claustrum

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“…Aging-related neurodegeneration are also detected in the pigeons[8]. The N-d positivity vary with neurons [9] and neuroglia[10] as well as blood vessel endothelium[11, 12]. Morphological feature of neuronal fibers or neurites are definitely distinguishable from neuroglia and blood vessels[11, 13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Specialized NADPH diaphorase membrane-related localizations in the brainstem of the pigeons (Columba livia)

Jia

Hou

et al. 2019

Preprint

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NADPH diaphorase (N-d) is used to a histochemical identification of subgroup of neuronal cells. Beside regular intracellular N-d positivity, membrane-related positivity revealed as a specialized staining pattern in the pigeon brain stem. In the investigation of the nervous system of homing pigeons (Columba livia) with N-d staining, we found a specialized structure, which temporally was termed as N-d tubular glomerular body/structure or as T-J body related to the last name of authors. This N-d positive specialization constituted by tubular components bilaterally located in the medial to the lemniscus spinalis in the medulla oblongata. The tubular components were moderate staining. T-J body was a longitudinal oriented structure of 2400 μ m with N-d staining. N-d positive tubular components were twisted and intermingled together.Beside the young adult pigeons, T-J body s were also consistently detected in the aged pigeons. Membrane-related staining were also detected in the other rostral nuclei in the brain stem. With discussion and review of related scientific literatures, T-J body was considered as a new anatomical structure or a new feature of the existent nucleus.In summary, beside N-d intracellular distribution, there were other three N-d membrane-related localizations: mini-aggregation, patch-aggregation, and arrangement along tubular unit. IntroductionNADPH diaphorase (N-d) is used to a histochemical identification of neuronal cells [1, 2] and also used to detect the neurodegenerative and neuropathological neurites [3][4][5][6][7].Our research interesting is focused on the aging alterations in the lumbosacral spinal cord and dorsal column nuclei. Aging-related neurodegeneration are also detected in the pigeons [8]. The N-d positivity vary with neurons [9] and neuroglia[10] as well as blood vessel endothelium [11, 12]. Morphological feature of neuronal fibers or neurites are definitely distinguishable from neuroglia and blood vessels [11, 13]. The similar observation of the brain and the spinal cord of pigeons are well demonstrated in the anatomical morphology of N-d positivity [8, 14-16]. The gastrointestinal tract of Coturnix coturnix, an avian species is innervated by N-d-ergic neurons, as it is in mammals. Pigeon cloaca, a unique structure for avian is also innervated by N-d-ergic neurons [16]. In general, the N-d positive neurons in the pigeons are similar to the other species[8]. For neuronal cells, N-d histochemistry produces subgroup of positivity based on size of the somata, intensity of enzyme reaction (strong or light intensity), visible processes and less or un-visible process. Many neurons are visible for Golgi-like staining. Some of endothelia of blood vessels are stained with N-d histochemistry. Impression of the N-d staining is superiority to reveal specialized formation, such as aging-related N-d body and megaloneurite in the aged animals[4, 6-8]. However, recently, we found an uncommon N-d positive specialized structures featured with tubul-like components twisted and intermingled formatio...

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“…The claustrum is a thin sheet of neurons located between the neocortex and the striatum and is flanked by the fibers of the extreme and external capsule (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6). The first description of this structure was made by the renowned French anatomist Vicq d'Azyr (7)(8)(9). The claustrum is the most densely connected brain structure by volume and has extensive reciprocal connections with numerous cortical areas, such as the motor, somatosensory, visual, auditory, prefrontal and limbic cortices (1,4,10).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The claustrum is subdivided into two embryologically distinct parts (24). The dorsal claustrum, also known as insular claustrum, refers to the neurons located above the rhinal fissure and medial to the insular cortex and is derived from the lateral pallium (5,7,9,24,25). The ventral claustrum, also termed endopiriform nucleus, is the name of the group of neurons situated below the rhinal fissure and medial to the piriform cortex and is derived from the ventral pallium (3,6,25,26).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrastructure of the dorsal claustrum in cat. I. Types of neurons

et al. 2019

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Background: The claustrum is the most densely connected brain structure by volume and has extensive reciprocal connections with numerous cortical areas. It is divided into two embryologically distinct partsdorsal and ventral claustrum. Despite numerous recent findings, much remains unknown about its structure and function. Objective: The aim of our study was to observe and describe the ultrastructural characteristics of the different types of neurons in the dorsal claustrum of the cat and to discuss their possible functional significance. Design: We used a total of 10 healthy young male cats. The obtained histological material was processed in the usual way for transmission electron microscopy. Results: We observed four types of neurons in the dorsal claustrum of catslarge, mediumsized, small and 'dwarf' cells. While large and medium-sized neurons had a large electronlucent nucleus with a wide cytoplasmic ring and an abundance of cellular organelles, small neurons had electron-lucent nuclei with varying degrees of dispersed and condensed chromatin and were poor in organelles. 'Dwarf' cells had the typical appearance of neurogliaform cells. Conclusion: Based on their ultrastructural features, we recognized large and medium-sized neurons as efferent, or projection neurons. On the other hand, small neurons and neurogliaform 'dwarf' cells had the typical ultrastructure of inhibitory interneurons.

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Topographical distribution and morphology of NADPH-diaphorase-stained neurons in the human claustrum

Cited by 18 publications

References 105 publications

WFA-labeled perineuronal nets in the macaque claustrum

WFA-labeled perineuronal nets in the macaque claustrum

Specialized NADPH diaphorase membrane-related localizations in the brainstem of the pigeons (Columba livia)

Ultrastructure of the dorsal claustrum in cat. I. Types of neurons

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