Topography of inland deltas: Observations, modeling, and experiments

Seybold, Hansjörg; Molnár, Péter; Akça, Devrim; Doumi, M.; Tavares, Marta Cavalcanti; Shinbrot, Troy; Andrade, José S.; Kinzelbach, Wolfgang; Herrmann, Hans J.

doi:10.1029/2009gl041605

Cited by 11 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…The set‐up of the flume experiment discussed in Seybold et al. () consisted of a 1 m × 1 m aluminium basin, which was fixed at an inclination of about 6° (Fig. ).…”

Section: Flume Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The reduced complexity delta model has been validated by applying the results to the Okavango Delta, Botswana (Fig. ) and the Mississippi Delta, USA (Seybold et al., ). This work has been accompanied by a laboratory‐scale flume experiment where the morphology of the different sedimentation patterns has been analysed in spatial and temporal domains.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While Seybold et al. () mainly focused on the statistical properties of delta‐surface variability and its comparison with real‐world deltas (the Okavango and Mississippi deltas), this paper presents laboratory‐model data acquisition, geo‐processing, formation of stratigraphic layers and analysis of the three‐dimensional surface dynamics. Furthermore, it is shown that the high‐resolution scanning technique is capable of capturing small‐scale features of the experiment such as channel banks or levees.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Monitoring of a Laboratory‐Scale Inland‐Delta Formation using a Structured‐Light System

Akça

Seybold

2016

The Photogrammetric Record

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A reduced complexity model, which simulates the process of fluvial inland-delta formation, has been developed in a previous study. The results have been compared and validated with a laboratory experiment. This work elaborates the laboratory investigation in which an experimental inland delta is generated and its eroding topography is measured using a structured-light 3D scanner. The least squares 3D (LS3D) co-registration and comparison method is used for alignment as well as for comparing data epochs both spatially and temporally. A spatial precision value of around AE50 lm (1/20 000) is achieved. A series of high-quality digital elevation models (DEMs) are generated and the space-time evolution of the inland delta is monitored and analysed, in terms of slope and topography dynamics, in the consecutive DEM layers. The combination of high-resolution scanning together with high-precision co-registration techniques allows investigation of the details of the space-time variability of the sedimentation-deposition patterns to be used for geomorphological analysis.are not applicable as the range of time scales and channel length involved in the delta formation process are too broad to be examined with today's computational power. Thus, new models have to be developed, reducing the complexity of hydrological and sedimentary equations but still keeping the essential physics of the first-order dynamics (Paola and Leeder, 2011). These reduced complexity models are concatenated with cellular automata, which require cellular discretisation of ground topography in terms of the digital elevation model (DEM) representation, to model the evolution over time of geophysical processes. The motivation for this type of modelling is not to simulate the deterministic evolution of a given river, but to identify the essential physics of the underlying processes. The results then can be compared and validated with field measurements and laboratory experiments. More information can be found in Bokulich (2013) and Liang et al. (2015).Seybold et al. (2009) have developed such a reduced complexity model to study the formation of inland deltas, which simulates the process on geological time scales. It combines the simplicity of the cellular automata with the hydrodynamic features to reproduce realistic river delta patterns. The reduced complexity delta model has been validated by applying the results to the Okavango Delta, Botswana (Fig. 1) and the Mississippi Delta, USA (Seybold et al., 2010). This work has been accompanied by a laboratory-scale flume experiment where the morphology of the different sedimentation patterns has been analysed in spatial and temporal domains. The present paper focuses on the 3D measurement, interpolation, coregistration, DEM generation and analysis aspects of this flume experiment.A micro-scale artificial inland delta was generated under laboratory conditions, with the delta formation process lasting two days. The surface topography was surveyed with a highaccuracy 3D scanner at five data epochs. Each epoch was ...

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“…The set‐up of the flume experiment discussed in Seybold et al. () consisted of a 1 m × 1 m aluminium basin, which was fixed at an inclination of about 6° (Fig. ).…”

Section: Flume Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Monitoring of a Laboratory‐Scale Inland‐Delta Formation using a Structured‐Light System

Akça

Seybold

2016

The Photogrammetric Record

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“…The work has been accompanied by a laboratory-scale flume experiment where the morphology of the different sedimentation patterns has been analyzed in spatial and temporal domains (Seybold et al, 2010). This paper focuses on the measurement and analysis aspects of the flume experiment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, Seybold et al (2010) have developed such a model, so called reduced complexity model to study the formation of inland deltas, with application to the Okavango Delta. A former version of the model simulates the formation of coastal deltas (Seybold et al, 2007(Seybold et al, , 2009.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laboratory Flume Experiment With a Coded Structured Light System

Akça

Seybold

2012

Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci.

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ABSTRACT:The topography of inland deltas is influenced chiefly by the water-sediment balance in distributary channels and local evaporation and seepage rates. In a previous study, a reduced complexity model has been applied to simulate the process of inland delta formation. Results have been compared with the Okavango Delta, Botswana and with a laboratory experiment. Both in the macro scale and the micro scale cases, high quality digital elevation models (DEM) are essential. This work elaborates the laboratory experiment where an artificial inland delta is generated on laboratory scale and its topography is measured using a Breuckmann 3D scanner. The space-time evolution of the inland delta is monitored in the consecutive DEM layers. Regarding the 1.0m x 1.0m x 0.3m size of the working area, better than 100 micron precision is achieved which gives a relative precision of 1/10 000. The entire 3D modelling workflow is presented in terms of scanning, co-registration, surface generation, editing, and visualization steps. The co-registered high resolution topographic data allows us to analyse the stratigraphy patterns of the experiment and gain quantitative insight into the spatio-temporal evolution of the delta formation process.

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Variation of the Omo Delta between 1990 and 2018: What remote sensing data reveal and models explain

Kangi,

Dondeyne,

Kleinschroth

et al. 2023

Land Degrad Dev

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Deltas, being areas where river sediments accumulate, are sensitive to changes in climate and anthropogenic processes that affect sediment generation. The Omo Delta, on the Ethiopia–Kenya border, is constantly changing due to fluctuating lake levels, a variable climate, and rapidly changing land use. Due to field data scarcity and the region's limited accessibility, we relied on remote sensing (RS) data to investigate delta extent between 1990 and 2018 and attempted to disentangle the effect of climatic from anthropogenic variables. We obtained a time series of delta extent from Landsat imagery using Random Forest (RF) classification. Using parametric and non‐parametric regression techniques, we regressed the delta extent on Lake Turkana levels, Omo River discharges, Omo‐Gibe Basin rainfall, tree cover loss, and irrigation extent. The RF algorithm distinguished water from land with high (>90%) accuracies and revealed Omo Delta extent fluctuations ranging from 949 km2 in 1993 to 651 km2 in 2000. Lake water level, which depends on the rainfall over the Omo‐Turkana Basin, emerged as the best predictor of delta extent. However, the annual rainfall over the Omo‐Gibe Basin showed no correlation with delta extent. The regression models further show a connection between delta extent, irrigation extent, and tree cover loss. We conclude that rainfall indirectly influences delta extent across the Omo‐Turkana Basin. Regression models indicate additional cumulative effects of human activity in the Omo‐Gibe Basin but fall short in explaining delta dynamics.

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Topography of inland deltas: Observations, modeling, and experiments

Cited by 11 publications

References 16 publications

Monitoring of a Laboratory‐Scale Inland‐Delta Formation using a Structured‐Light System

Monitoring of a Laboratory‐Scale Inland‐Delta Formation using a Structured‐Light System

Laboratory Flume Experiment With a Coded Structured Light System

Variation of the Omo Delta between 1990 and 2018: What remote sensing data reveal and models explain

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