Topological chiral bags in a baryonic environment

Is there a crystalline state of nuclear matter?

“…weak enough (β kin ≈ 0.3), the ground-state energy of the system makes it possible for nuclear matter to be in the solid or condensed FCC configuration, as discussed already in Refs. [3,4,5,11]. This is shown by the dotted curve in Fig.…”

“…After a pioneering work by Kutchera et al [1] related to the dense-matter properties in the Skyrme model, Klebanov [2] discussed a possible formation of the Skyrmionic matter with the simple cubic crystalline structure due to tensor forces between the nucleon of a lattice-point and the nearest six nucleons of the unit cell. There has been a great amount of work on energetically favorable crystalline structures [3,4,5] and parallel studies of the Skyrme model on the hypersphere [6,7,8]. Former studies are still under discussion [9] and have concentrated on investigating the classical field configuration, assuming face centered cubic (FCC) structure.…”

Chiral quark-soliton model in the Wigner-Seitz approximation

“…Note that M could, in principle, be calculated dynamically, as done, e. g., in the Nambu-Jona-Lasinio model [2]; this would require the solution of a gap equation and would probably lead to an in-medium suppression of M, similar to what is found for f π 4 . The same method of accounting for in-medium effects has already been applied to a number of microscopic models of the nucleon [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23]. With respect to previous analyses, we have for the first time consistently calculated effects stemming from the Dirac sea, i. e., from excitations of virtual quark-antiquark pairs, including their dependence upon the density of the system.…”

“…The Wigner-Seitz approximation to the treatment of soliton matter has already been applied using other models of the nucleon structure: The Skyrme model [13,14], non-topological soliton models [15][16][17], the hybrid soliton model [18][19][20]17] and the global color model [21][22][23]. In these models the boundary conditions for the spherically symmetric bottom level of the band 1 are an extension to a Dirac spinor of the non-relativistic requirement of having a flat wave function.…”

Quantization of the chiral soliton in medium

“…It was first applied for nuclear matter system in 80's by using the skyrmion centered cubic (CC) crystal by Klebanov [1]. This configuration was studied further by Wüst, Brown and Jackson to estimate the baryon density and discuss the phase transition between nuclear matter and quark matter [2]. Goldhabor and Manton found a new configuration, body centered cubic (BCC) of half-skyrmions in a higher density regime [3].…”