Topological Defects of Spin–Orbit Coupled Bose–Einstein Condensates in a Rotating Anharmonic Trap

Shi, Chunxiao; Wen, Liu; Wang, Qingbo; Yang, Hui

doi:10.7566/jpsj.87.094003

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 72 publications

(110 reference statements)

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“…Displayed in Figs. 6(a) and 6(b) are the topological charge density and the spin texture of the system, where ε dd = 0.5, 55,61) with local topological charge Q = −0.5, and the red spots represent radial-out half-skyrmions (merons) 62,63) with local topological charge Q = 0.5. These meron-antimeron pairs (half-skyrmion and half-antiskyrmion pairs) constitute an alternating complex and fascinating meron (half-skyrmion)antimeron (half-antiskyrmion) necklace, which, to the best of our knowledge, has not yet been reported elsewhere.…”

Section: Spin Texturesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These meron-antimeron pairs (half-skyrmion and half-antiskyrmion pairs) constitute an alternating complex and fascinating meron (half-skyrmion)antimeron (half-antiskyrmion) necklace, which, to the best of our knowledge, has not yet been reported elsewhere. In addition, there are some skyrmions (or antiskyrmions) 61,62) with local topological charge |Q| = 1 distributed outside of the meron (half-skyrmion)-antimeron (half-antiskyrmion) necklace, and typical local amplifications are given in Figs. 6(e) and 6(f).…”

Section: Spin Texturesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ground States of Dipolar Spin–Orbit-Coupled Bose–Einstein Condensates in a Toroidal Trap

2019

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We investigate the ground-state structures of dipolar spin-orbit-coupled Bose-Einstein condensates in a toroidal trap. Combined effects of dipole-dipole interaction (DDI) and spin-orbit coupling (SOC) on the ground states of the system are discussed. A ground-state phase diagram is obtained as a function of the SOC and DDI strengths. As two new degrees of freedom, the DDI and SOC can be used to obtain the desired ground-state phases and to control the phase transition between various ground states. In particular, the system displays exotic topological structures and spin textures, such as half-quantum vortex, vortex string, vortex necklace, complex vortex lattice including giant vortex and hidden antivortex chains, different skyrmions, meron (half-skyrmion)-antimeron (half-antiskyrmion) necklace, and composite meron-antimeron lattice.

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Section: Spin Texturesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Spin Texturesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ground States of Dipolar Spin–Orbit-Coupled Bose–Einstein Condensates in a Toroidal Trap

2019

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“…For the thermodynamic properties of condensates, the specific heat, transition temperature and condensation fraction of interacting Bose gases are also modified by anharmonic potential [27]. On the other hand, after the realization of SO coupled BECs [3], the SO coupling breaks the Galilean invariance of the system and regulates the collapse of the condensates [46], and the anharmonicity of external potential can induce novel vortex structures [47][48][49] and topological defects [21] in the rotating condensates such as skyrmion, meron cluster, skyrmion string and various skyrmion lattices [50]. Similar phenomena occurs in rotating dipolar condensates due to anharmonic trap [30].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anharmonicity-induced phase transition of spin–orbit coupled Bose–Einstein condensates

Zhang¹,

Chen²

2023

J. Phys. B: At. Mol. Opt. Phys.

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In the mean-field framework, by variational analysis and numerical simulation, we investigate the effect of anharmonic trap and atomic interaction on the ground-state phases of a spin-orbit (SO) coupled Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs) in the harmonic plus quartic potential. Then, the Gaussian wave function is selected to predict the analytical conditions of the phase transition boundary of the SO coupled BECs by using the variational method. We found that the anharmonicity of the external potential induces the SO coupled BECs to undergo a phase transition between the zero-momentum phase and plane-wave phase, which is more pronounced in the cases of weak harmonic potential or strong interspecies interaction. Since the potential energy of the system modified by anharmonicity competes with other energies of the system, the anharmonicity changes the critical SO coupling strength and Raman coupling strength when the phase transition occurs. At the same time, the critical anharmonic coefficients are also affected by interspecies interaction and harmonic potential. Finally, the correctness of the theoretical results is verified by the numerical simulation of the Gross-Pitaevskii (GP) equation.

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“…A novel anharmonic trap (a harmonic trap with a quartic distortion) [19,20], which confines the Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs) even if the rotation frequency exceeds the trapping frequency, has attracted great attention both in theory and experiment. Most research so far focuses on the ground-state properties of BECs in an anharmonic trap [20,21], but there are few studies on the dynamics of BECs. In this work, we investigate the dynamics of rotating spin-orbit-coupled spin-1 BECs with an in-plane gradient magnetic field in an anharmonic trap.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamics of Rotating Spin-Orbit-Coupled Spin-1 Bose-Einstein Condensates With In-Plane Gradient Magnetic Field in an Anharmonic Trap

2022

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We investigate the dynamics of rotating spin-orbit-coupled spin-1 Bose–Einstein condensates (BECs) in an in-plane gradient magnetic field, which is confined in an anharmonic trap. In the case of rotating spin-orbit-coupled spin-1 BECs with given parameters, the system evolves from initial disk-shaped condensates into drastic turbulent oscillations and ghost vortices on the surface of the component densities due to surface wave excitations and then into two final vortex necklaces along the azimuthal direction with an irregular density hole, in which the vortices differ by one quantum number in turn. For the case of rotating spin-orbit-coupled spin-1 BECs with in-plane gradient magnetic field, with the dynamic evolution, the system undergoes a transition from an initial central polar-core vortex to violent turbulent oscillations and then to a final vortex chain along the diagonal of BECs, with the remaining vortices symmetrically distributed on both sides in the individual component. In addition, the corresponding spin texture undergoes a transition from plane-wave phase to double half-antiskyrmion necklaces for the former case and a transition from a structure similar to a quadrupole magnetic field to a half-antiskyrmion chain with the rest of the half-antiskyrmions on both sides. During the dynamic evolution process, the angular momentum increases gradually and then approaches a convergent value.

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Topological Defects of Spin–Orbit Coupled Bose–Einstein Condensates in a Rotating Anharmonic Trap

Cited by 10 publications

References 72 publications

Ground States of Dipolar Spin–Orbit-Coupled Bose–Einstein Condensates in a Toroidal Trap

Ground States of Dipolar Spin–Orbit-Coupled Bose–Einstein Condensates in a Toroidal Trap

Anharmonicity-induced phase transition of spin–orbit coupled Bose–Einstein condensates

Dynamics of Rotating Spin-Orbit-Coupled Spin-1 Bose-Einstein Condensates With In-Plane Gradient Magnetic Field in an Anharmonic Trap

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