We introduce and solve a period-index problem for the Brauer group of a topological space. The period-index problem is to relate the order of a class in the Brauer group to the degrees of Azumaya algebras representing it. For any space of dimension d , we give upper bounds on the index depending only on d and the order of the class. By the Oka principle, this also solves the period-index problem for the analytic Brauer group of any Stein space that has the homotopy type of a finite CW-complex. Our methods use twisted topological K -theory, which was first introduced by Donovan and Karoubi. We also study the cohomology of the projective unitary groups to give cohomological obstructions to a class being represented by an Azumaya algebra of degree n. Applying this to the finite skeleta of the Eilenberg-MacLane space K(Z/ℓ, 2), where ℓ is a prime, we construct a sequence of spaces with an order ℓ class in the Brauer group, but whose indices tend to infinity.19L50, 16K50, 57T10, 55Q10, 55S35
IntroductionThis paper gives a solution to a period-index problem for twisted topological K -theory. The solution should be viewed as an existence theorem for twisted vector bundles.Let X be a connected CW-complex. An Azumaya algebra A of degree n on X is a noncommutative algebra over the sheaf C of complex-valued functions on X such that A is a vector bundle of rank n 2 and the stalks are finite dimensional complex matrix algebras M n (C). Examples of Azumaya algebras include the sheaves of endomorphisms of complex vector bundles and the complex Clifford bundles Cl(E) of oriented evendimensional real vector bundles E . The Brauer group Br(X) classifies topological Azumaya algebras on X up to the usual Brauer equivalence: A 0 and A 1 are Brauer equivalent if there exist vector bundles E 0 and E 1 and an isomorphismof sheaves of C -algebras. Define Br(X) to be the free abelian group on isomorphism classes of Azumaya algebras modulo Brauer equivalence.The period-index problem for twisted topological K -theory 13 Proposition 2.5 If A is an Azumaya algebra of degree n with class α, then A ∼ = End(E) for some α-twisted vector bundle E of rank n. The α-twisted sheaf is unique up to tensoring with untwisted line bundles. Proof See [16, Theorem 1.3.5] or [35, Section 3]. Proposition 2.6 Tensoring with E * , the dual of E , induces an equivalence of categories Vect α → Vect A . Proof See [16, Theorem 1.3.7] or [35, Section 3]. Proposition 2.7 If A and B are Brauer-equivalent Azumaya algebras over X , then Vect A and Vect B are equivalent categories.Proof This follows from the previous two propositions.If X is a finite CW-complex, the twisted topological K -group KU 0 (X) α may be identified with the Grothendieck group of left A-modules.Proposition 2.8 If X is compact and Hausdorff, and if A is an Azumaya algebra on X with class α (so that α is torsion), then K A 0 (X) ∼ = KU 0 (X) α . This isomorphism is uniquely defined up to the natural action of H 2 (X, Z) on the left.Proof This follows from [9, Section 3.1]. In fact, they show that KU ...