Topological phases in ring resonators: recent progress and future prospects

Leykam, Daniel; Yuan, Luqi

doi:10.1515/nanoph-2020-0415

Cited by 59 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 150 publications

(201 reference statements)

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“…Topological photonics has become an active field over the past decade, not only to create photonic analogues of nontrivial topological phases that were first explored in condensed matter physics, but also to guide and manipulate light in a manner that is robust to imperfections and disorder [105][106][107][108] . In almost all lattice-based models, the strengths and phases of couplings between lattice sites need to be tailored in a specific fashion to realize topologically nontrivial phases.…”

Section: A Topological Photonics In Synthetic Dimensionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthetic frequency dimensions in dynamically modulated ring resonators

2021

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The concept of synthetic dimensions in photonics has attracted rapidly growing interest in the past few years. Among a variety of photonic systems, the ring resonator system under dynamic modulation has been investigated in depth both in theory and experiment and has proven to be a powerful way to build synthetic frequency dimensions. In this Tutorial, we start with a pedagogical introduction to the theoretical approaches in describing the dynamically modulated ring resonator system and then review experimental methods in building such a system. Moreover, we discuss important physical phenomena in synthetic dimensions, including nontrivial topological physics. This Tutorial provides a pathway toward studying the dynamically modulated ring resonator system and understanding synthetic dimensions in photonics and discusses future prospects for both fundamental research and practical applications using synthetic dimensions.

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Section: A Topological Photonics In Synthetic Dimensionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthetic frequency dimensions in dynamically modulated ring resonators

2021

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“…1(a)), where θ a (θ b ) represents the strong (weak) coupling between resonator A (D) and its neighbors. Although 2D microring lattices have been shown to exhibit Chern insulator behavior associated with static systems [32][33][34][35], the existence of FMRs can only be predicted by treating the system as a Floquet insulator with periodicallyvarying Hamiltonian. As light circulates around each microring, it couples periodically to its neighbors, so that the Bloch modes of the lattice evolve in a cyclical motion with a period equal to the microring circumference L. The quasienergy spectrum of the lattice thus has a periodicity of 2π/L.…”

Section: Theoretical Origin Of Fmrmentioning

confidence: 99%

Floquet Mode Resonance: Trapping light in the bulk mode of a Floquet topological insulator by quantum self-interference

Afzal,

Van

2021

Preprint

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Floquet topological photonic insulators characterized by periodically-varying Hamiltonians are known to exhibit much richer topological behaviors than static systems. In a Floquet insulator, the phase evolution of the Floquet-Bloch modes plays a crucial role in determining its topological behaviors. Here we show that by perturbing the driving sequence, it is possible to manipulate the cyclic phase change of the system over each evolution period to induce quantum self-interference of a bulk mode, leading to a new topological resonance phenomenon called Floquet Mode Resonance (FMR). The FMR is fundamentally different from other types of optical resonances in that it is cavity-less since it does not require physical boundaries. Its spatial localization pattern is instead dictated by the driving sequence and can thus be used to probe the topological characteristics of the system. We demonstrated excitation of FMRs by edge modes in a Floquet octagon lattice on silicon-on-insulator, achieving extrinsic quality factors greater than 10 4 . Imaging of the scattered light pattern directly revealed the hopping sequence of the Floquet system and confirmed the spatial localization of FMR in a bulk-mode loop. The new topological resonance effect could enable new applications in lasers, optical filters and switches, nonlinear cavity optics and quantum optics.

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“…The interplay among the various degrees of freedom of photons, i.e., photon spin, valley, and sublattice pseudospin in a planar honeycomb structures provide a rich playground for realizing different Hall effects of light, including photonic spin Hall effect [1] and photonic valley Hall effect [2], that feature topologically protected edge states. Those intriguing phenomena essentially rely on carefully engineered Berry curvature distributed over different valleys and spin sectors [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20]. For instance, in the presence of time-reversal symmetry, one can realize either quantum spin Hall effect [6,14] via spin-orbit interaction, or quantum valley Hall effect [2, 3,21] via breaking inversion symmetry with external biased field.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Optically Reconfigurable Spin-Valley Hall Effect of Light in Coupled Nonlinear Ring Resonator Lattice

Yang

Xiong

et al. 2021

Phys. Rev. Lett.

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Scattering immune propagation of light in topological photonic systems may revolutionarize the design of integrated photonic circuits for information processing and communications. In optics, various photonic topological circuits have been developed, which were based on classical emulation of either quantum spin Hall effect or quantum valley Hall effect. On the other hand, the combination of both the valley and spin degrees of freedom can lead to a new kind of topological transport phenomenon, dubbed quantum spin valley Hall effect (QSVH), which can further expand the number of topologically protected edge channels and would be useful for information multiplexing. However, it is challenging to realize QSVH in most known material platforms, due to the requirement of breaking both the (pseudo-)fermionic time-reversal ( ) and parity symmetries ( ) individually, but leaving the combined symmetry  intact. Here, we propose an experimentally feasible platform to realize QSVH for light, based on coupled ring resonators mediated by optical Kerr nonlinearity. Thanks to the inherent flexibility of cross-mode modulation (XMM), the coupling between the probe light can be engineered in a controllable way such that spin-dependent staggered sublattice potential emerges in the effective Hamiltonian. With delicate yet experimentally feasible pump conditions, we show the existence of spin valley Hall induced topological edge states. We further demonstrate that both degrees of freedom, i.e., spin and valley, can be manipulated simultaneously in a reconfigurable manner to realize spin-valley photonics, doubling the degrees of freedom for enhancing the information capacity in optical communication systems.

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Topological phases in ring resonators: recent progress and future prospects

Cited by 59 publications

References 150 publications

Synthetic frequency dimensions in dynamically modulated ring resonators

Synthetic frequency dimensions in dynamically modulated ring resonators

Floquet Mode Resonance: Trapping light in the bulk mode of a Floquet topological insulator by quantum self-interference

Optically Reconfigurable Spin-Valley Hall Effect of Light in Coupled Nonlinear Ring Resonator Lattice

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