Topological surface states in the Kondo insulator YbB12 revealed via planar tunneling spectroscopy

Abstract

Planar tunneling spectroscopy of the Kondo insulator SmB6 suggests that an interaction between the surface Dirac fermions and the bulk spin excitons results in incompletely protected topological surface states. To gain further insight into their true nature, it is necessary to study other topological Kondo insulator candidates. Calculations of electronic energy bands predict that the Kondo insulator YbB12 hosts topological surface states protected by crystalline mirror symmetry. In this study, we present tunneling conductance spectra obtained from the (001) surface of YbB12 single crystals and discuss them in comparison to SmB6. The linear conductance at low bias provides strong evidence for the existence of surface Dirac fermions. The double-hump structure in the negative bias region is associated with hybridized band edges, in agreement with a calculated band structure. While these similarities with SmB6 are suggestive of the existence of topological surface states in YbB12, in agreement with other experiments, some discrepancies are also observed, which we attribute to a difference in their exact nature from those in SmB6.

Tools and Tricks for Single Crystal Growth

“…23 Another example is the growth of YbB 12 , which requires use of a boron-rich flux and precise temperature control to maintain growth stability. 91,92 3.4. Bridgman in Floating Zone.…”

“…This versatile technique has been used to tune the stoichiometry of quantum materials such as the pyrochlore oxides, e.g., Yb 2 Ti 2 O 7 . Another example is the growth of YbB 12 , which requires use of a boron-rich flux and precise temperature control to maintain growth stability. , …”