Topologically Porous Heterostructures for Photo/Photothermal Catalysis of Clean Energy Conversion

Abstract

As a straightforward way to fix solar energy, photo/photothermal catalysis with semiconductor provides a promising way to settle the energy shortage and environmental crisis in many fields, especially in clean energy conversion. Topologically porous heterostructures (TPHs), featured with well‐defined pores and mainly composed by the derivatives of some precursors with specific morphology, are a major part of hierarchical materials in photo/photothermal catalysis and provide a versatile platform to construct efficient photocatalysts for their enhanced light absorption, accelerated charges transfer, improved stability, and promoted mass transportation. Therefore, a comprehensive and timely review on the advantages and recent applications of the TPHs is of great importance to forecast the potential applications and research trend in the future. This review initially demonstrates the advantages of TPHs in photo/photothermal catalysis. Then the universal classifications and design strategies of TPHs are emphasized. Besides, the applications and mechanisms of photo/photothermal catalysis in hydrogen evolution from water splitting and COx hydrogenation over TPHs are carefully reviewed and highlighted. Finally, the challenges and perspectives of TPHs in photo/photothermal catalysis are also critically discussed.

Efficient Palladium Catalysts: Application and Challenges of Electrocatalytic Hydrodechlorination Technology in Wastewater Treatment

“…As the technology for modulating metal dispersion became more sophisticated, single-atom catalysts had been developed in the field of electrocatalysis. [31] The single-atom Pd catalyst facilitated the Volmer reaction and produced more H* favorable for dechlorination [32] In single-atom catalysts, the metal catalysts were not aggregated because the individual metals were anchored by heteroatoms. [33] The metal single-atom catalysts prepared in this way were able to achieve 100 % utilization.…”

Facile construction of metal–organic frameworks/topological insulator heterostructure for photothermal catalytic CO2 reduction

“…and Mxenes have been exploited as light harvesters or catalytically active sites in CO 2 RR photothermal catalysis. [16][17][18][19] However, the research on photothermal catalysts for CO 2 photoconversion is still in its infancy and some bottlenecks such as limited photothermal conversion ability, low charge mobility and insufficient active sites greatly hinder their development.…”

Construction of a Cu@hollow TS‐1 nanoreactor based on a hierarchical full‐spectrum solar light utilization strategy for photothermal synergistic artificial photosynthesis

“…22,23 To this end, most of the current photothermal catalysts are made up of semiconductors and plasmonic metals. 24,25 However, there is still a lack of general guidelines for catalyst design in this emerging research field, to improve the photothermal catalytic performance. On the one hand, semiconductor-based materials with a narrow band gap, elemental doping, and a heterojunction structure are widely used, such as V 2 O 5−x , Rh 1−x O, UO 2+x , Zn 1+x O, TiO 2−x , WO 3−x , and BaTiO 3−x H x .…”

“…In order to design an effective photothermal catalyst, it is necessary to develop nanoscale materials and architectures that meet several requirements, including strong light absorption across the full solar spectrum, enhanced charge carrier separation efficiency, and high photothermal conversion efficiency 22,23 . To this end, most of the current photothermal catalysts are made up of semiconductors and plasmonic metals 24,25 . However, there is still a lack of general guidelines for catalyst design in this emerging research field, to improve the photothermal catalytic performance.…”