Topology planning for autonomous MMGs: an ordered binary decision diagram‐based approach

Abstract

This paper finds its motivation from the perspective of utility planners, where the flexibility of choice while reconfiguring a distribution system into Multi-Micrgrids (MMGs) is critical. To address the topology planning problem for MMGs from this dimension, a holistic algorithm incorporating graph theory, ordered binary decision diagrams, and a modified Gauss Siedel power flow algorithm is proposed. This multi-indexed, multi-tier scheme guarantees self-adequacy and reliability of individual microgrids (MGs) by effectively solving a modified balanced partitioning problem, and ensures validation of inequality constraints through power flow studies. The available solutions are ranked according to two system-level performance indices to provide a hierarchically feasible solution list to system planner. This algorithm is presented as an alternate tool for heuristic techniques to ensure a complete search of solution space and to increase the number of available topology planning solutions for the system operator. The flexibility of choice offered by this planning algorithm, tendency to be employed as a resource assessment tool, and incorporation of power flow analysis for autonomous MGs renders it to be practically superior to its counterparts. The proposed algorithm is tested to furnish its advantages and applicability in practical utility systems.

Comprehensive Analysis of Microgrids Configurations and Topologies

“…According to the control structures, the AC and DC MGs are divided into two groups as can be seen in Figure 6. The first group is the control methods, and the second group is the load-sharing techniques [54,55]. In the control structures, the power electronic converters are essential components because they must ensure the adequate supply and distribution of the electrical load without affecting the correct operation of the system [55,56].…”

“…In the configuration shown in Figure 15, a voltage inverter works as master control and adopts the reactive power control method (PQ). When the system works in island mode, the inverter adopts the voltage-frequency control method (V/F) [54,80,81]. In this configuration, the master unit can be classified into three subcategories: battery energy storage system (BESS), DG, and a combination of BESS-DG [54,80,81].…”

“…When the system works in island mode, the inverter adopts the voltage-frequency control method (V/F) [54,80,81]. In this configuration, the master unit can be classified into three subcategories: battery energy storage system (BESS), DG, and a combination of BESS-DG [54,80,81]. This type of control allows excellent energy performance and voltage recovery at the MG/EPS PCC [80,81].…”

“…However, the energy management of multiple MGs system is a complex problem since the DG units within each multiple MG, the energy exchange between the multiple MGs, and the energy exchange between the EPS and the MGs must be coordinated. The development of multiple MG systems is limited by the current energy management capacity [54,91].…”