Tornado hazard for structural engineering

Huang, Zhenhua; Fan, Xiaohui; Cai, Liping

doi:10.1007/s11069-016-2392-z

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 88 publications

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“…The 2011 National Building Code of Canada has made significant forward strides in the inclusion of tornado effects based on historical records and statistical projections (Sills, 2012;Sills et al, 2012). Although tornado load effects are not yet formally addressed in U.S. wind load and governing design code standards, Huang et al (2016) describe a path for eventual inclusion of tornado loads in building code design: the process integrates the study of comprehensive tornado wind fields using atmospheric observations, numerical and physical simulations of tornado wind fields, and detailed structural analysis. NIST (2014a) recommends the continued exploration of remote-sensing technologies for post-storm damage investigations and field measurements to help validate windborne debris models as part of a comprehensive plan to change the current state of engineering practice to "improve life safety, reduce property damage, and improve the resiliency and sustainability of communities."…”

Section: Remote Sensing In the Development Of Tornado Wind Speed Stanmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Improved understanding of tornado wind speeds and tornado-induced loads on structures is primarily reliant on the study of actual tornado damage (Kikitsu and Sarkar, 2015;Huang et al, 2016). A heightened understanding of tornado frequency and intensity is also necessary to establish climatologies to create risk-based engineering design philosophies and insurance underwriting.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Multi-Scale Remote Sensing of Tornado Effects

Womble

Wood

Mohammadi

2018

Front. Built Environ.

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To achieve risk-based engineered structural designs that provide safety for life and property from tornadoes, sufficient knowledge of tornado wind speeds and wind flow characteristics is needed. Currently, sufficient understanding of the magnitude, frequency, and velocity structure of tornado winds remain elusive. Direct measurements of tornado winds are rare and nearly impossible to acquire, and the pursuit of in situ wind measurements can be precarious, dangerous, and even necessitating the development of safer and more reliable means to understand tornado actions. Remote-sensing technologies including satellite, aerial, lidar, and photogrammetric platforms, have demonstrated an ever-increasing efficiency for collecting, storing, organizing, and communicating tornado hazards information at a multitude of geospatial scales. Current remote-sensing technologies enable wind-engineering researchers to examine tornado effects on the built environment at various spatial scales ranging from the overall path to the neighborhood, building, and ultimately member and/or connection level. Each spatial resolution contains a unique set of challenges for efficiency, ease, and cost of data acquisition and dissemination, as well as contributions to the body of knowledge that help engineers and atmospheric scientists better understand tornado wind speeds. This paper examines the use of remote sensing technologies at four scales in recent tornado investigations, demonstrating the challenges of data collection and processing at each level as well as the utility of the information gleaned from each level in advancing the understanding of tornado effects.

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Section: Remote Sensing In the Development Of Tornado Wind Speed Stanmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi-Scale Remote Sensing of Tornado Effects

Womble

Wood

Mohammadi

2018

Front. Built Environ.

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“…Wind hazard losses are catastrophic and devastating specifically for wind-driven by hurricane and tornados. The current literature is populated with many studies that investigate the impact of wind loads on buildings and infrastructure [1][2][3][4]. However, these studies, while they are novel, there is still a huge amount of uncertainties within the input parameters for the wind load calculation and the resistance of the impacted structures [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%