The agricultural sector is currently dealing with a difficult paradox: maintaining, or even increasing, its production levels while reducing the impact of its activities on the environment. In addition to this, there are economic constraints on farmers as well as the harshness of a demanding job that exposes farmers to several types of risk: work-related accidents, occupational diseases, and exposure to potentially dangerous products, such as pesticides. In this context, agricultural robots have been invented. This chapter presents a comprehensive and recent state of the art of the application of robots in agriculture. The work approaches this subject from three angles: on the one hand, the specification in terms of mobility type; on the other hand, the specification in terms of manipulator type and finally in terms of crop type. Furthermore, this chapter presents in more detail some practical experiences concerning the application of agricultural robotics in several fields of activity.