Torque steadiness and muscle activation are bilaterally impaired during shoulder abduction and flexion in chronic post-stroke subjects

Santos, Glauber dos; García-Salazar, Luisa Fernanda; Souza, Matheus Bragança; Oliveira, Ana Beatriz; Camargo, Paula R.; Russo, Thiago Luiz

doi:10.1016/j.jelekin.2016.07.003

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…Hip abductor maximum strength significantly explained 32% of the variance of hip abduction force steadiness. This finding indicates that impairments in hip abduction force steadiness may be related with physiological mechanisms such as decreased number of active motor units and discharge rate properties rather than clinical outcomes (38,42). Reduced hip abduction maximal strength has been consistently found in women with PFP (36), accompanied by impairments in gluteal muscle activity (delayed onset and shorter duration of gluteal activity) (3).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Knee and Hip Isometric Force Steadiness Are Impaired in Women With Patellofemoral Pain

Ferreira

Silva

Ferrari

et al. 2021

Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research

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Ferreira, AS, de Oliveira Silva, D, Ferrari, D, Magalhães, FH, Pappas, E, Briani, RV, Pazzinatto, MF, and de Azevedo, FM. Knee and hip isometric force steadiness are impaired in women with patellofemoral pain. J Strength Cond Res 35(10): 2878–2885, 2021—The purposes were as follows: to compare knee extension and hip abduction force steadiness and maximal strength between women with patellofemoral pain (PFP) and pain-free women; and to investigate whether maximal strength, self-reported pain during force-matching tasks, self-reported knee function, symptoms duration, and physical activity level are associated with knee extension and hip abduction force steadiness. Thirty women with PFP and 30 pain-free women were recruited. Knee extension and hip abduction maximal voluntary isometric contractions and submaximal isometric force-matching tasks were evaluated using an isokinetic dynamometer. Subjects were asked to match a target force corresponding to 10% of their maximal isometric voluntary contraction while force steadiness was computed as the coefficient of variation (CV) of the exerted force. Women with PFP had significant 36% lower knee extension and 33% lower hip abduction peak strength. They also had significant 70% lower knee extension force steadiness and 60% lower hip abduction force steadiness (i.e., higher CV) than pain-free women. Self-reported pain and self-reported knee function were significantly associated (r = 0.61, p < 0.001; r = −0.35, p = 0.05) and able to predict 41% of the variance of knee extensor force steadiness. Hip abductor maximum strength was significantly associated (r = −0.57; p = 0.001) and able to predict 32% of the variance of hip abductor force steadiness. These findings indicate that muscle impairments in PFP go beyond only low knee and hip muscle strength because women with PFP also present deficits in knee extension and hip abduction force steadiness. Evidence-based treatments aiming at improving force steadiness may be a promising addition to PFP rehabilitation programs.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Knee and Hip Isometric Force Steadiness Are Impaired in Women With Patellofemoral Pain

Ferreira

Silva

Ferrari

et al. 2021

Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research

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“…Anabolic pathways and neurotrophic factors seem to be compromised too. Both insulin‐like growth factor 1 (IGF‐1) and brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) serum levels are decreased in chronic poststroke subjects (Santos et al, ; Silva‐Couto, Prado‐Medeiros, & Oliveira, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…More than half of individuals with stroke present impaired function of upper limbs, affecting the independence in activities of daily living (Jones, ). Upper limb deficits observed in poststroke subjects may be related to sensorimotor control disruption that includes, for example, impairments in strength (Avila, Romaguera, Oliveira, Camargo, & Salvini, ; Santos et al, ; Turner, Tang, Winterbotham, & Kmetova, ). Muscle weakness has been associated with compensatory strategies of movement due to the lesion of the motor cortex and its descending projection pathways, reduced muscle activation and incoordination (Hatem et al, ; Li, Tong, & Hu, ; Niessen et al, ), and anatomic modifications on skeletal muscle, such as muscle fiber phenotype shift, fibrosis, and atrophy (Klein, Brooks, Richardson, McIlroy, & Bayley, ; Li et al, ; Lieber & Fridén, ; Raghavan, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Compensatory neuromuscular junction adaptations of forelimb muscles in focal cortical ischemia in rats

et al. 2020

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Introduction Upper limb movements are affected frequently by brain ischemia (BI). Mechanisms involved in recovery and compensatory movements have developed several studies. However, less attention is given to skeletal muscles, where neuromuscular junction (NMJ) has an important role on muscle tropism and functional performance. Methods Animals were divided into two groups: control (C) and BI. Then, animals were skilled to perform single‐pellet retrieval task, following these procedures: habituation, shaping, and single‐pellet retrieval task. BI was induced using stereotaxic surgery in order to apply endothelin‐1 in motor cortex, representative of movements of dominant paw. Reaching task performance was evaluated by single‐pellet retrieval task 1 day before BI induction, 4 and 15 days after BI induction. After that, biceps, triceps, fingers flexor, and extensor muscles were extracted. NMJ was assessed in morphometric characteristics (total area, total perimeter, and feret). Muscle fiber cross‐sectional area and connective tissue percentage were also evaluated for characterization. Student's t test was used for comparisons between C and BI groups. Tau Kendall's correlation was applied among variables from BI group. Results An increase in all NMJ morphometric parameters, as well as increase of atrophy and fibrosis in BI group compared with C. There was a high level of direct correlation between mean values of NMJ morphometry with percentage of success in reaching task in BI group. Conclusion Brain ischemia‐induced NMJ compensatory expansion, muscle atrophy, and fibrosis in forelimb muscles that are related to reaching performance.

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“…Hence, any impairment of APA commands on the paretic side may impair or even prevent a focal movement on the unaffected side. Not surprisingly, in hemiparetic patients, strength and coordination are affected on the “healthy” side, too (Santos et al, 2016). While overt postural disturbances may not appear, yet the hand-foot coupling test may reveal that they stand subliminal in the background.…”

Section: Postural Constraints From Neuroscience To Sports and Rehabilmentioning

confidence: 99%

APAs Constraints to Voluntary Movements: The Case for Limb Movements Coupling

Baldissera¹,

Tesio

2017

Front. Hum. Neurosci.

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When rhythmically moving two limbs in either the same or in opposite directions, one coupling mode meets constraints that are absent in the other mode. Isodirectional (ISO) flexion-extensions of the ipsilateral hand and foot can be easily performed with either the hand prone or supine. Instead, antidirectional (ANTI) movements require attentive effort and irresistibly tend to reverse into ISO when frequency increases. Experimental evidence indicates that the direction dependent easy-difficult dichotomy is caused by interference of the anticipatory postural commands associated to movements of one limb with voluntary commands to the other limb. Excitability of the resting wrist muscles is subliminally modulated at the period of ipsilateral foot oscillations, being phase-opposite in the antagonists and distributed so as to facilitate ISO and obstacle ANTI coupling of the hand (either prone or supine) with the foot. Modulation is driven by cortical signals dispatched to the forearm simultaneously with the voluntary commands moving the foot. If right foot oscillations are performed when standing on the left foot with the right hand touching a fixed support, the subliminal excitability modulation is replaced by overt contractions of forearm muscles conforming the APAs features. This suggests that during hand-foot ANTI coupling the voluntary commands to forearm muscles are contrasted by APAs commands of opposite sign linked to foot oscillations. Correlation between the easy-difficult dichotomy and the APAs distribution is also found in coupled adduction-abduction of the arms or hands in the transverse plane and in coupled flexion-extension of the arms in the parasagittal plane. In all these movements, APAs commands linked to the movement of each limb reach the motor pathways to the contralateral muscles homologous to the prime movers and can interfere during coupling with their voluntary activation. APAs are also generated in postural muscles of trunk and lower limbs and size-increase when the movement frequency is incremented. The related increase in postural effort apparently contributes in destabilizing the difficult coupling mode. Motor learning may rely upon more effective APAs. APAs and focal contraction are entangled within the same voluntary action. Yet, neural diseases may selectively impair APAs, which represent a potential target for rehabilitation.

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Torque steadiness and muscle activation are bilaterally impaired during shoulder abduction and flexion in chronic post-stroke subjects

Abstract: Chronic hemiparetic presented bilateral deficits in sensorimotor and muscle control during maximal and submaximal shoulder abduction and flexion.

Cited by 7 publications

References 84 publications

Knee and Hip Isometric Force Steadiness Are Impaired in Women With Patellofemoral Pain

Knee and Hip Isometric Force Steadiness Are Impaired in Women With Patellofemoral Pain

Compensatory neuromuscular junction adaptations of forelimb muscles in focal cortical ischemia in rats

APAs Constraints to Voluntary Movements: The Case for Limb Movements Coupling

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