Torrefaction of empty fruit bunches under biomass combustion gas atmosphere

Uemura, Yoshimitsu; Sellappah, Varsheta; Trinh, Thanh H.; Hassan, Suhaimi; Tanoue, Ken‐ichiro

doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2017.06.057

Cited by 83 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Besides, the hydrogen element is slightly removed during torrefaction due to the decrement in hydrogen content after torrefaction. In addition, it was found that nitrogen increases after torrefaction and further increases with an increase in torrefaction temperature, which is mainly due to the behaviour of the nitrogen element that most of them are remained intact in the solid biomass after torrefaction [28]. Finally, it can be observed that sulfur content just increases slightly after torrefaction and even when the temperature is increased.…”

Section: Figure 9 Proximate Analysis For All Mixtures After Torrefactionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Torrefaction of Palm Kernel Shell and Petcoke Blends for Various Mixing Ratios and Temperatures

Hasan¹,

Nyakuma²,

Rahman³

et al. 2021

ACSM

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In the present study, torrefaction of palm kernel shell (PKS) and petcoke blends was performed for the production of solid biofuels with high energy density. The torrefaction process was performed for mixtures with various mixing ratios (by weight) from 90:10 to 60:40 (PKS:petcoke). For torrefaction under various temperatures of 250℃ to 300℃, the mixing ratio of 60:40 was used. Meanwhile, residence time and nitrogen flow rate were fixed at 30 minutes and 1 l/min, respectively. In general, the fixed carbon and ash contents increased, while the moisture and volatile matter contents decreased after torrefaction. It has been elucidated that mass yield is a dominant factor that affects the energy yield of torrefied mixtures rather than the higher heating value (HHV) ratio. Based on the energy yield and ultimate analysis, it was found that a higher amount of petcoke and higher temperature give better performance, thus causing the torrefied mixture to become very close to coals region in Van Krevelen diagram. In this case, the mixture with a mixing ratio of 60:40 torrefied under the temperature of 300℃ gives the best performance. It was also found that this mixture is thermally stable than the mixture torrefied at 250℃.

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Section: Figure 9 Proximate Analysis For All Mixtures After Torrefactionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Torrefaction of Palm Kernel Shell and Petcoke Blends for Various Mixing Ratios and Temperatures

Hasan¹,

Nyakuma²,

Rahman³

et al. 2021

ACSM

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“…The gaseous product obtained during this process is called synthetic gas (syngas) or product gas, and it mainly contains hydrogen, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, and methane [29]. In addition, inert gases, hydrocarbons, tar, and gas pollutants can be found [30,31].…”

Section: Reaction Type Chemical Reactionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Studies on the Gasification Performance of Sludge Cake Pre-Treated by Hydrothermal Carbonization

et al. 2020

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Proper treatment and careful management of sewage sludge are essential because its disposal can lead to adverse environmental impacts such as public health hazards, as well as air, soil, and water pollution. Several efforts are being made currently not only to safely dispose of sewage sludge but also to utilize it as an energy source. Therefore, in this study, initiatives were taken to valorize sewage sludge cake by reducing the moisture content and increasing the calorific value by applying a hydrothermal treatment technique for efficient energy recovery. The sludge cake treated at 200 °C for 1 h was found to be the optimum condition for hydrothermal carbonization, as, in this condition, the caloric value of the treated sludge increased by 10% and the moisture content removed was 20 wt.%. To recover energy from the hydrothermally treated sludge, a gasification technology was applied at 900 °C. The results showed that the product gas from hydrothermally treated sludge cake had a higher lower heating value (0.98 MJ/Nm3) and higher cold gas efficiency (5.8%). Furthermore, compared with raw sludge cake, less tar was generated during the gasification of hydrothermally treated sludge cake. The removal efficiency was 28.2%. Overall results depict that hydrothermally treated sewage sludge cake could be a good source of energy recovery via the gasification process.

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“…Within this framework, pre-treating biomass using torrefaction process is a possible solution for the main biomass disadvantages as it decreases oxygen content and increases bulk density and calorific value [9]. Because of that, in the past years, the research on palm oil wastes torrefaction has increased [7,[10][11][12][13]. Dry torrefaction is a mild pyrolysis carried out in anoxic atmospheres under atmospheric pressure and temperature range from 200 • C to 300 • C [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Torrefaction influence on combustion kinetics of Malaysian oil palm wastes

Somoza

Amez

Medić

et al. 2021

Fuel Processing Technology

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The use of renewable energy has increased in the last decades including the consumption of biofuels, so the research focused on improving these energetic vectors has increased too, developing techniques that enhance energetic properties of these fuels. In this context, torrefaction is a thermal pre-treatment that diminishes the main disadvantages present in biomass such as hygroscopicity, low calorific value per unit mass and high susceptibility to self-ignition. In this study raw and torrefied palm oil wastes samples are tested using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) in order to study the influence of torrefaction on combustion kinetic parameters using Coats-Redfern and Freeman-Carroll methods, showing that torrefaction increases activation energy as it enhances thermal stability of the samples. The composition of the samples is also estimated using TGA through Fraser-Suzuki deconvolution showing the changes of lignin, cellulose, and hemicellulose due to torrefaction process.

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Torrefaction of empty fruit bunches under biomass combustion gas atmosphere

Cited by 83 publications

References 37 publications

Torrefaction of Palm Kernel Shell and Petcoke Blends for Various Mixing Ratios and Temperatures

Torrefaction of Palm Kernel Shell and Petcoke Blends for Various Mixing Ratios and Temperatures

Studies on the Gasification Performance of Sludge Cake Pre-Treated by Hydrothermal Carbonization

Torrefaction influence on combustion kinetics of Malaysian oil palm wastes

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