Torrefaction of tomato industry residues

Toscano, Giuseppe; Pizzi, A.; Pedretti, Ester Foppa; Rossini, Giorgio; Ciceri, G.; Martignon, G.; Duca, Daniele

doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2014.11.039

Cited by 77 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Recently, the torrefaction of various biomass resources was examined in the literature, namely: tomato industry residues [10], olive mill waste [11], cotton stalk [12], food waste [13], Pinus radiata wood [14], oil palm fibre [15], grass [16], wheat and barley straw [17]. Several investigations focused basically on the effect of torrefaction operating conditions such as temperature, residence time and gas composition on the mass and energy yields [18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combustion characteristics and kinetics of torrefied olive pomace

Guizani

Haddad

Jeguirim

et al. 2016

Energy

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combustion characteristics and kinetics of torrefied olive pomace

Guizani

Haddad

Jeguirim

et al. 2016

Energy

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“…Indeed, tomato peels were reported to contain, on dry basis, 14–20% protein [6, 7], 40–74% lignocellulosic material [6–8], and 3–5% oleoresin, being the oil fraction from tomato peels [9, 10]. Besides, tomato seeds were shown to contain 20–40% protein [11, 12], 35–50% lignocellulosic material [7, 13], and 18–37% oil [14, 15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additionally, the study by Rossini et al [19], performed on tomato manufacturing residues, suggested the use of tomato peels for combustion and tomato seeds for mechanical oil extraction. Moreover, based on the fiber analysis of tomato industrial peel by-product, Toscano et al [8] showed that hemicellulose, cellulose, and lignin dry mass fractions corresponded to 4.8, 22.5, and 46.9%, respectively. This structural composition encouraged Toscano et al [8] to use this processing residue for the production of a solid biofuel with energy properties similar to those of coal through a torrefaction treatment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biorefinery cascade processing for creating added value on tomato industrial by-products from Tunisia

Kehili

Schmidt

Reynolds

et al. 2016

Biotechnol Biofuels

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BackgroundIn today’s consumer perception of industrial processes and food production, aspects like food quality, human health, environmental safety, and energy security have become the keywords. Therefore, much effort has been extended toward adding value to biowastes of agri-food industries through biorefinery processing approaches. This study focused, for the first time, on the valorization of tomato by-products of a Tunisian industry for the recovery of value-added compounds using biorefinery cascade processing.ResultsThe process integrated supercritical CO2 extraction of carotenoids within the oil fractions from tomato seeds (TS) and tomato peels (TP), followed by a batch isolation of protein from the residues. The remaining lignocellulosic matter from both fractions was then submitted to a liquid hot water (LHW) hydrolysis. Supercritical CO2 experiments extracted 5.79% oleoresin, 410.53 mg lycopene/kg, and 31.38 mg β-carotene/kg from TP and 26.29% oil, 27.84 mg lycopene/kg, and 5.25 mg β-carotene/kg from TS, on dry weights. Protein extraction yields, nearing 30% of the initial protein contents equal to 13.28% in TP and 39.26% in TS, revealed that TP and TS are a rich source of essential amino acids. LHW treatment run at 120–200 °C, 50 bar for 30 min showed that a temperature of 160 °C was the most convenient for cellulose and hemicellulose hydrolysis from TP and TS, while keeping the degradation products low.ConclusionsResults indicated that tomato by-products are not only a green source of lycopene-rich oleoresin and tomato seed oil (TSO) and of protein with good nutritional quality but also a source of lignocellulosic matter with potential for bioethanol production. This study would provide an important reference for the concept and the feasibility of the cascade fractionation of valuable compounds from tomato industrial by-products.Graphical abstractSchema of biorefinery cascade processing of tomato industrial by-products toward isolation of valuable fractions.

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“…A small number of gas phase thermal conversion studies, such as gasification, have been reported [34]. Very recently, a substantial number of torrefaction studies for high moisture biomass, such as microalgae [35], olive pomace [36], food waste [37], and tomato peel [38], have been reported. However, there has been no torrefaction study for macroalgae so far.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%