Torrefaction of waste biomass for application in energy production in South Africa

Mamvura, Tirivaviri A.; Pahla, G.; Muzenda, Edison

doi:10.1016/j.sajce.2017.11.003

Cited by 63 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Biomass torrefaction is a mild thermochemical process that generally performed in inert atmosphere in the temperature range of 200 to 300°C for several minutes or hours. This treatment gained interest as it promotes an increase in the energy content of biomass to levels equal to and sometimes above that of coal [10], making it a more attractive and competitive source within the primary energy matrix [11].…”

Section: Torrefaction Of Rice (Oryza Sativa) Strawmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The experimental calorific value (CV) of the torrefied rice (Oryza sativa) straw, Philippine coal, and its blends (% w/w) -25, 50, and 75 was determined using an adiabatic CKIC 5E-AC/PL Calorimeter by completely combusting 1.00 gram of the samples under a pressurized O 2 atmosphere [10]. For all combustion experiments, the samples were charged with oxygen at a pressure of 2.80 to 3.00 MPa and a cylinder pressure of 5 MPa.…”

Section: Calorific Value (Experimental)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Physical and Chemical Properties of Philippine Coal Blended with Torrefied Biomass from Rice (Oryza sativa) Straw

et al. 2019

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Looking at the feasibility of using rice (Oryza sativa) straw locally known as “dayami”, which the Philippines is quantitatively abundant, for power generation could help farmers reduce production cost and minimize the postharvest waste. Hence, this study’s objective is to provide a detailed knowledge of the physical and chemical properties of Philippine coal blended with torrefied rice (O. sativa) straw to efficiently use biomass for energy production. Proximate, ultimate, and calorific value analyses showed that rice (O. sativa) straw like other biomass resources are appropriate to meet the requirement of thermochemical process. When compared to pure coal, agricultural residues biomass like rice (O. sativa) straw has lower moisture and ash content, likewise nitrogen and sulfur are very low as well. Generally, blending Philippine coal with torrefied rice (O. sativa) straw would improve its quality in terms of its combustion properties thereby making these combinations of coal and biomass advantageous.

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Section: Torrefaction Of Rice (Oryza Sativa) Strawmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Calorific Value (Experimental)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical and Chemical Properties of Philippine Coal Blended with Torrefied Biomass from Rice (Oryza sativa) Straw

et al. 2019

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“…Torrefaction of marula seeds and blue gum improves the higher heating value and energy content of the biomass. The weight loss also increases when the torrefaction temperature increases due to moisture removal and hemicellulose breakdown, which produce H 2 O, CO, CO 2 , and other hydrocarbons [20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The torrefied wood samples improved solid fuel property with high fuel ratio, which are close to lignite coal [23]. Mamvura et al [20] found that the nonoxidative conditions with low heating rates and shorter residence time resulted in the best torrefied biomass. The increase in HHV together with increase in energy density for torrefied marula seeds during investigation intended that it is potential to coconversion with coal making it a promising biomass source.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Properties of Torrefied Palm Kernel Shell via Microwave Irradiation

Ahmad¹,

Ishak²,

Kasim³

et al. 2019

Biofuels - Challenges and Opportunities

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This study describes the characteristic and thermal properties of torrefied palm kernel shell (PKS) by microwave irradiation pretreatment. The microwave power level (200, 300, 450, and 600 W) and processing time (4, 8, and 12 min) were used in this study. The pretreated samples were analyzed for mass and energy yield, calorific value, proximate and elemental composition, and thermal decomposition. Results showed that the characteristic of pretreated PKS was enhanced by increasing the microwave power level and processing the time. The oxygen content and O/C ratio of torrefied PKS were reduced by increasing the microwave power level. The carbon content of pretreated PKS, which was closed to the untreated MB coal properties with comparable calorific value, was obtained. The microwave power level of 450 W and processing time of 8 min were suitable to upgrade the PKS to a respectable quality feedstock. Thus, it can be concluded that the alteration in physical, chemical, and thermal properties of torrefied PKS discovered the potential of this feedstock to be applied in subsequent thermochemical conversion such as pyrolysis and gasification.

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“…Even though torrefaction of biomass is emphasized to remove the volatile matters partially, the energy content in biochar rises as a result of a reduction in the hydrogen and oxygen contents (Matali et al, 2016). The degree of biomass decomposition and the biochar physical properties depend on the torrefaction temperature, residence time, and heating rate, but the decomposition reactions generally depend on the range of temperature (Wannapeera and Worasuwannarak, 2012;Mamvura et al, 2018;Weber and Quicker, 2018). In addition, atmospheric conditions in biomass torrefaction such as pressure and gas composition also play an important role in the physical properties of biochars.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Torrefaction Characteristics of Japanese Cedar Sawdust with a Mechanical Compression in Air Atmosphere

Fernanda

Kawahara

Higashi

et al. 2019

J. Chem. Eng. Japan

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In this study, biochars were prepared from Japanese cedar sawdust with a mechanical compression at di erent temperatures in an air atmosphere. The compression pressure at a given constant value was applied to the raw material during the torrefaction process. Experimental results indicated that the compression positively improved the fuel properties of the biochar obtained. The carbon content in biochar increased; whereas the oxygen and hydrogen contents decreased. The H/C ratio of biochar was generally proportional to its O/C ratio, and biochars prepared at temperatures of more than 300°C were in proximity to bituminous or sub-bituminous coals in the van Krevelen diagram. Torrefaction at 300°C and 3 MPa gave biochar with a higher heating value of 29.8 MJ/kg and an energy yield of 0.85. Furthermore, the di erential thermal analyses showed that the peaks corresponding to the release of volatile matters from biochar decreased with an increase in the compressive load. Consequently, torrefaction of Japanese cedar sawdust with compression in an air atmosphere would be a promising method to produce biochars as an alternative fuel.

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Torrefaction of waste biomass for application in energy production in South Africa

Cited by 63 publications

References 22 publications

Physical and Chemical Properties of Philippine Coal Blended with Torrefied Biomass from Rice (Oryza sativa) Straw

Physical and Chemical Properties of Philippine Coal Blended with Torrefied Biomass from Rice (Oryza sativa) Straw

Properties of Torrefied Palm Kernel Shell via Microwave Irradiation

Torrefaction Characteristics of Japanese Cedar Sawdust with a Mechanical Compression in Air Atmosphere

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