“…In particular, the emerged paradigm of architectured materials offered an invigorating stimulus to the area of severe plastic deformation (SPD) technologies [5,6]. Not only can these technologies produce a submicron scale grain structure that provides metals and alloys with exceptional mechanical performance, but they can also be used to form various inner architectures of a workpiece at a mesoscopic and macroscopic scale [7][8][9][10][11]. In this regard, the SPD methods involving plastic torsion, such as high pressure torsion (HPT) [12,13], incremental HPT [14], twist extrusion [15], shear extrusion [16], high pressure torsion extrusion (HPTE) [17,18], torsion extrusion [19], three roll planetary milling [20], spiral equal channel angular extrusion [21], tandem process of simple shear extrusion, and twist extrusion [22].…”