Total and Organic Mercury in Fish from Different Geographical Areas in the North Atlantic Ocean and Health Risk Assessment

Ramirez, Merle M. Borges; Bordalo, Maria D.; Rodrigues, Andreia C.M.; Soares, Amadeu M.V.M.; Abreu, S. N.; Morgado, Fernando; Osten, Jaime Rendón-von

doi:10.1007/s12403-021-00388-7

Cited by 8 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…Due to the fact that the mercury content in seabream fillets (Turkey) did not exceed the limit according to EC 188/2006, the authors concluded that these fish were of good quality [ 55 ]. For edible tissues of mackerel from the Azores archipelago, the THQ was also <1 [ 5 ]. These results are consistent with our studies ( Table 1 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fish is softer and flakier than either mammals or poultry and the meat is inherently tender, because fish contains less connective tissue than beef [ 3 ]. At the same time, eating fish is a possible source of heavy metal exposure [ 4 , 5 ]. As the density is greater than 5 g/cm 3 , mercury is classified as a heavy metal [ 6 ] and is one of the rarest elements on Earth, ranking 74th on the list of 90 [ 7 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Total Mercury and Fatty Acids in Selected Fish Species on the Polish Market: A Risk to Human Health

Łuczyńska

Luczynski

Nowosad

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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The muscles of lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush Walbaum, 1792), crucian carp (Carassius carassius Linnaeus, 1758), flounder (Platichthys flesus Linnaeus, 1758), gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata Linnaeus, 1758), mackerel (Scomber scombrus Linnaeus, 1758) and tench (Tinca tinca Linnaeus, 1758) were examined. The total mercury (THg) was processed using the Milestone DMA-80 and the fatty acids were analyzed using the 7890A Agilent Technologies chromatograph. The THg content in analyzed fish ranged from 0.024 (lake trout) to 0.092 mg/kg wet weight (gilthead seabream). The muscles of fish examined had lower amounts of SFAs, and n-3 and n-6 PUFAs than MUFAs. The ratio of n-3/n-6 was higher in muscles of mackerel than other fish (p < 0.05). Due to the fact that both the THQ and HI are below 1, the tested fish are safe for the consumer from a nutritional point of view. Similarly, fatty acid indices indicate the safe consumption of selected fish species, and the daily consumption of the recommended dose of EPA + DHA (250 mg/day) and the concentration of mercury in fish calculations showed a hazard quotient for the benefit–risk ratio HQEFA below 1, suggesting that the intake of EPA + DHA poses no evident risk to human health. The ratio was calculated for a person weighing 60 kg. Therefore, it is important to monitor the fish, not only bought in the store, but also caught in various aquatic environments.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Total Mercury and Fatty Acids in Selected Fish Species on the Polish Market: A Risk to Human Health

Łuczyńska

Luczynski

Nowosad

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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“…Additionally, larger predatory fish contain the highest Hg concentrations, and Hg levels are positively correlated with body length, weight and age of the fish [ 52 ]. Vieira et al (2021) indicated that carnivorous species presented higher Hg contents (range 0.03–0.88 μg g −1 ) when compared to omnivorous fish (range 0.003–0.19 μg g −1 ), demersal fish exhibited higher Hg levels (range 0.01–0.88 μg g −1 ) than pelagic species (range 0.003–0.38 μg g −1 ), and Zeus faber presented high Hg levels (0.68 ± 0.07 μg g -1 ) above the maximum limit (0.5 μg g -1 ) established for human consumption [ 53 ]. While several factors affect the Hg levels in fish, including nutritional level, size, and age of the fish, the Hg levels are generally higher in fish with high nutrient levels [ 41 , 54 , 55 ], and a significantly increasing trend in Hg concentration with fish size has been observed for all species (except for European anchovy), suggesting Hg bio-accumulation throughout the life cycle [ 56 ].…”

Section: Bio-accumulation Species-specific and Geographical Differenc...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Mercury Contamination in Fish and Its Effects on the Health of Pregnant Women and Their Fetuses, and Guidance for Fish Consumption—A Narrative Review

Chen

Dong

2022

IJERPH

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As a principal source of long-chain omega-3 fatty acids (3FAs), which provide vital health benefits, fish consumption also comes with the additional benefit of being rich in diverse nutrients (e.g., vitamins and selenium, high in proteins and low in saturated fats, etc.). The consumption of fish and other seafood products has been significantly promoted universally, given that fish is an important part of a healthy diet. However, many documents indicate that fish may also be a potential source of exposure to chemical pollutants, especially mercury (Hg) (one of the top ten chemicals or groups of chemicals of concern worldwide), and this is a grave concern for many consumers, especially pregnant women, as this could affect their fetuses. In this review, the definition of Hg and its forms and mode of entrance into fish are introduced in detail and, moreover, the bio-accumulation of Hg in fish and its toxicity and action mechanisms on fish and humans, especially considering the health of pregnant women and their fetuses after the daily intake of fish, are also reviewed. Finally, some feasible and constructive suggestions and guidelines are recommended for the specific group of pregnant women for the consumption of balanced and appropriate fish diets in a rational manner.

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“…In the Northeast Atlantic (FAO area 27), consuming John Dory may prove harmful to human health, as mercury levels of 0.68 ± 0.07 μg g −1 exceed the maximum limit deemed safe for human consumption (0.5 μg g −1 ) ( Vieira et al , 2021 ). John Dory imported from Senegal and sold in Turkish fish markets, as well as individuals caught around Turkey, have also been found to carry larvae of the nematode Anisakis pegreffii , with potential implications for human health if consumed ( Pekmezci, 2019 ; Yardimci et al , 2014 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The genome sequence of the John Dory, Zeus faber Linnaeus, 1758

Adkins,

Harley,

Brittain

et al. 2024

Wellcome Open Res

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Total and Organic Mercury in Fish from Different Geographical Areas in the North Atlantic Ocean and Health Risk Assessment

Cited by 8 publications

References 46 publications

Total Mercury and Fatty Acids in Selected Fish Species on the Polish Market: A Risk to Human Health

Total Mercury and Fatty Acids in Selected Fish Species on the Polish Market: A Risk to Human Health

Mercury Contamination in Fish and Its Effects on the Health of Pregnant Women and Their Fetuses, and Guidance for Fish Consumption—A Narrative Review

The genome sequence of the John Dory, Zeus faber Linnaeus, 1758

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