Total and partial gas tensions of human bladder urine

Abstract

The total and partial gas tensions of human bladder urine were studied by a modified Krogh micromanometric method combined with fractional absorption analysis and the use of a Clark oxygen electrode. Consumption of O2 by reducing substances in urine was determined and correlated with its specific gravity and pH. Oxygen tension of bladder urine averages 50 mm Hg during air breathing and 58 mm Hg during pure O2 breathing. Pco2 ranges from 47 to 152 mm Hg and correlates best with urinary pH. The average figure for urine nitrogen tension, 550 mm Hg, agrees closely with the calculated Pn2 of alveolar air. Total gas tension of urine is typically about 60 mm Hg less than atmospheric and changes in total gas tension are shown to reflect changes in Pco2, the tensions of the other gases remaining relatively constant in an experimental period. The physiological significance of these total and partial gas tensions is discussed. A counter-current gas diffusion system is proposed to account for the difference between the oxygen tension of urine and renal venous blood. Submitted on September 24, 1959

Intermittent Urine Oxygen Tension Monitoring for Predicting Acute Kidney Injury After Cardiovascular Surgery: A Preliminary Prospective Observational Study

“…Furthermore, the proximal end of the urine collection site in our study suggests that diffusion of oxygen from the air in the bag can cause a large increase in PuO 2 . The oxygen tension of the liquid is expected to approach 150 mmHg when the diffusion of oxygen in contact with air reaches equilibrium by Henry's and PuO 2 is not constant unless the urine volume is >6 ml/min [24]. In previous studies, urine flow was relatively high: 3-8 ml/min in Kainuma et al [21] and 4-6 ml/min in Zhu et al [22].…”

The Use of Lymph for the Measurement of Gas Tensions in Interstitial Fluid and Tissues*

“…Previous attempts to measure gas tensions of tissues have involved the analyses of the gaseous composition of body fluids (1)(2)(3), the sampling of gas from artificial pockets created within tissues (4)(5)(6)(7)(8), and the direct implantation of polarographic electrodes (9)(10)(11). Unfortunately, results obtained by such methods are apt to be unreliable because of artefacts incident to the introduction of electrodes into tissues, the lack of dependable instruments for the precise measurement of the small quantities of oxygen in biological fluids, and the inability to calibrate electrodes implanted in tissues.…”

Hemoglobin Oxygen Saturation in the Dog Kidney

“…I t has been suggested that a low medullary oxygen content might result fi-om a counter-current effect of the vasa recta causing diffusion of oxygen from the descending to the ascending vessel limb (LEVY and SAUCEDA , ULLRICH 1959, HONG et al 1960, AUKLAND and KROG 1961, ULLRICH, KRAMER and BOYLAN 1961.…”