Total and Regional Bone Density (Bd) in Female Runners

Botwinick, M. A.; Hoy, Katherine; Aulet, M.; Gutin, Bernard; Wang, J.; Pierson, R. N.

doi:10.1249/00005768-198904001-00664

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…These findings illustrate the association between gymnastics training and increased BMD, suggesting that the high BMD values observed in gymnasts are due primarily to the activity itself rather than selection bias. To further support the concept of bone specificity, Risser, Lee, & Leblanc (1990) found in a study of volleyball and basketball players, whose sports placed stress on the heel, had greater calcaneus and lumbar BMD than their controls (Botwinick, et al, 1989).…”

Section: Bone Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One of the advantages of sport participation is that physical activity promotes strong bones and reduces the long-term risk of osteoporosis (Beck & Snow, 2003;Botwinick, et al, 1989); but for female athletes who suffer from athletic or exerciseassociated amenorrhea (EAA), increased physical activity actually puts them at greater risk of osteoporosis later in life Drinkwater, Breumner, & Chestnut, 1990;Dueck, Matt, Manore, & Skinner, 1996). Interestingly, increased physical activity is normally associated with increased bone density (Beck & Snow, 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Comparison of Body Composition between Eumenorrheic and Amenorrheic Adolescent Cross-Country Runners

Bonis¹

2007

Medicine &Amp; Science in Sports &Amp; Exercise

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Section: Bone Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comparison of Body Composition between Eumenorrheic and Amenorrheic Adolescent Cross-Country Runners

Bonis¹

2007

Medicine &Amp; Science in Sports &Amp; Exercise

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Can vigorous exercise play a role in osteoporosis prevention? A review

1992

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Part of the reduction in bone density observed in older people is due to disuse rather than the aging process itself. While some mechanical stress is needed to maintain optimal bone density, it is not clear just which types of exercise are most valuable or whether appropriate exercise might reduce the need for estrogen therapy in postmenopausal women. Cross-sectional studies. Physical activity, aerobic fitness, and strength have all been correlated with bone density. Young people who use a specific part of the body in vigorous exercise exhibit enhanced bone density in that part of the body, but not necessarily in other regions. Older people who have been active for many years seem to exhibit generally enhanced bone density. Prospective studies. Most regimens which used vigorous aerobic and strength training enhanced bone density, but walking is relatively ineffective for prevention of postmenopausal bone loss. Most studies using specific bone-loading exercise have shown substantial increases in bone density at the specific sites loaded. Elderly people seem capable of responding favorably to vigorous exercise. No direct comparisons of exercise and estrogen therapy have been reported. Excessive exercise. Extremely high volumes of exercise may overwhelm a person's adaptive capacity, leading to stress fractures. For example, young women athletes who suffer from menstrual dysfunction exhibit reduced bone density and musculoskeletal disorders. Clinical implication. Although the evidence is far from conclusive, an exercise regimen should probably include vigorous total body exercise, including strength and aerobic training.

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