Total Antioxidant Capacity: Biochemical Aspects and Clinical Significance

Silvestrini, Andrea; Meucci, Elisabetta; Ricerca, Bianca Maria; Mancini, Antonio

doi:10.3390/ijms241310978

Cited by 44 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…These functional groups are able to donate electrons to ferric ions, reducing them to form ferrous ions. Also, polysaccharides, which contain specific monosaccharides with reducing properties, can also participate in the reduction of ferric ions to ferrous ions [60,61] Cupric-Reducing Antioxidant Capacity (CUPRAC) is used to measure the capacity of a compound to reduce cupric ions (Cu 2+ ) to (Cu + ) cuprous ions, thereby contributing to the redox balance of the cell [62,63]. All the plant polysaccharides showed significantly lower absorbances in the Cupric-Reducing Antioxidant Capacity assay compared to the Vit C; however, their absorbances increased with the concentration.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Screening of Antioxidative and Antiproliferative Activities of Crude Polysaccharides Extracted from Six Different Plants

Adewale,

Wińska,

Krawczyk

et al. 2024

Applied Sciences

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Plant polysaccharides have gained interest in medical research for their ability to suppress various diseases, including cancer. However, information on some plant polysaccharides is yet to be uncovered. In this study, we screened crude polysaccharides extracted from six different plants for their antioxidative and antiproliferative activities. Crude polysaccharides were isolated from different parts of some plants using the established extraction protocol. The crude polysaccharides were evaluated for their chemical composition (protein, total sugar, and phenolics), free radical-scavenging activities, and antiproliferative activities against breast cancer MCF-7 cells as well as non-cancerous cells, i.e., human fibroblast MRC-5 cells and Cercopithecus aethiops kidney Vero cells, via an MTT assay and CM20 Incubation Monitoring System (Olympus) for MCF-7. The investigated crude polysaccharides showed significant variations in their chemical constituents and antioxidative properties. Only Moringa seed crude polysaccharide extracts showed significant antiproliferative activities at various concentrations, with an IC50 value of 0.061 mg/mL, which was about 2.6 folds higher on MRC-5 and Vero cell lines. The antiproliferative activities toward cancer cell lines and lack of significant toxicity in the case of normal cells indicate that this extract may be promising as a valuable source for novel cancer therapy.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Screening of Antioxidative and Antiproliferative Activities of Crude Polysaccharides Extracted from Six Different Plants

Adewale,

Wińska,

Krawczyk

et al. 2024

Applied Sciences

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“…To determine TAC, as a marker of total antioxidant status, Randox kit [RANDOX Laboratories Ltd, UK] was used. The technique is based on the redox reaction of the blue green color (2,2’-azinobis-3-ethylbenzo-thiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS)) radical cation with antioxidants [ 26 ]. The MDA concentration was measured by spectrofluorometer via reaction with thiobarbituric acid (as a TBARS) [ 27 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effectiveness of date seed on glycemia and advanced glycation end-products in type 2 diabetes: a randomized placebo-controlled trial

Mohamadizadeh,

Dehghan,

Azizi-Soleiman

et al. 2024

Nutr. Diabetes

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Background Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic medical condition affecting more than 95% of people with diabetes. Traditionally, some medicinal plants have been considered as an effective approach in management of T2DM. This trial evaluated the effects of date seed powder (DSP) on glycemia indices and oxidative stress in T2DM patients. Methods In this trail, 43 patients with T2DM were randomized to two groups: either 5 g/d of the DSP or placebo for 8 weeks. Levels of glycemic indices, lipolpolysaccharide (LPS), and soluble receptor for advanced glycation end products (s-RAGE), as well as other parameters associated with oxidative stress were assessed at baseline and after 8 weeks. Independent t-test and analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) were used for between-groups comparisons at baseline and the post-intervention phase, respectively. Results The results showed that supplementation with DSP significantly decreased HbA1c (−0.30 ± 0.48%), insulin (−1.70 ± 2.21 μU/ml), HOMA-IR (−1.05 ± 0.21), HOMA-B (−0.76 ± 21.21), lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (−3.68 ± 6.05 EU/mL), and pentosidine (118.99 ± 21.67 pg/mL) (P < 0.05, ANCOVA adjusted for baseline and confounding factors). On the other hand, DSP supplementation significantly increased total antioxidant capacity (TAC) (0.50 ± 0.26 mmol/L), superoxide dismutase (SOD) (0.69 ± 0.32 U/ml), and s-RAGE (240.13 ± 54.25 pg/mL) compared to the placebo group. FPG, hs-CRP, GPx, CML, and uric acid had no significant within- or between-group changes. Conclusion Supplementation of DSP could be considered an effective strategy to improve glycemic control and oxidative stress in T2DM patients (Registration ID at www.irct.ir: IRCT20150205020965N10).

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“…Total antioxidant capacity (TAC) was evaluated using the method of Rice-Evans, modified in our laboratory as described below [22,23]. This assay is based on inhibition, determined by antioxidants, of the absorbance of the radical cation 2,2'-azinobis (3ethylbenzothiazoline-6 sulfonate) (ABTS •+ ) formed by interaction between ABTS (150 µM) and ferrylmyoglobin radical species, generated by activation of metmyoglobin (2.5 µM) with H 2 O 2 (75 µM).…”

Section: Oxidative Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Aliquots of the frozen plasma were thawed at room temperature, and 10 µL of the samples was tested immediately. The manual procedure was used with only minor modifications, as previously described [23]. The reaction was started directly in the cuvette by the addition of H 2 O 2 after 1 min of equilibration of all other reagents and followed for 10 min, monitoring at 734 nm.…”

Section: Oxidative Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-Thyroidal Illness in Chronic Renal Failure: Triiodothyronine Levels and Modulation of Extra-Cellular Superoxide Dismutase (ec-SOD)

Mancini,

Silvestrini,

Marcheggiani

et al. 2024

Antioxidants

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Oxidative stress (OS) is implicated in several chronic diseases. Extra-cellular superoxide dismutase (ec-SOD) catalyses the dismutation of superoxide anions with a protective role in endothelial cells. In chronic kidney disease (CKD), OS and thyroid dysfunction (low fT3 syndrome) are frequently present, but their relationship has not yet been investigated. This cohort study evaluated ec-SOD activity in CKD patients during haemodialysis, divided into “acute haemodialytic patients” (AH, 1–3 months of treatment) and “chronic haemodialytic patients” (CH, treated for a longer period). We also evaluated plasmatic total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and its relationships with thyroid hormones. Two basal samples (“basal 1”, obtained 3 days after the last dialysis; and “basal 2”, obtained 2 days after the last dialysis) were collected. On the same day of basal 2, a sample was collected 5 and 10 min after the standard heparin dose and at the end of the procedure. The ec-SOD values were significantly higher in CH vs. AH in all determinations. Moreover, the same patients had lower TAC values. When the CH patients were divided into two subgroups according to fT3 levels (normal or low), we found significantly lower ec-SOD values in the group with low fT3 in the basal, 5, and 10 min samples. A significant correlation was also observed between fT3 and ec-SOD in the basal 1 samples. These data, confirming OS and low fT3 syndrome in patients with CKD, suggest that low fT3 concentrations can influence ec-SOD activity and could therefore potentially contribute to endothelial oxidative damage in these patients.

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Total Antioxidant Capacity: Biochemical Aspects and Clinical Significance

Cited by 44 publications

References 70 publications

Screening of Antioxidative and Antiproliferative Activities of Crude Polysaccharides Extracted from Six Different Plants

Screening of Antioxidative and Antiproliferative Activities of Crude Polysaccharides Extracted from Six Different Plants

Effectiveness of date seed on glycemia and advanced glycation end-products in type 2 diabetes: a randomized placebo-controlled trial

Non-Thyroidal Illness in Chronic Renal Failure: Triiodothyronine Levels and Modulation of Extra-Cellular Superoxide Dismutase (ec-SOD)

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