Total Antioxidant Status and Severity of Community-Acquired Pneumonia: Are They Correlated?

Abstract

Background: Oxidant/antioxidant imbalance has been reported in various respiratory diseases including pneumonia. However, the role of blood antioxidants has not been fully discussed. Objectives: The aim of this exploratory study was to assess serum total antioxidant status (TAS) in patients with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) and the probable correlation with the severity of the disease. Methods: Thirty patients (22 men, 8 women; mean age of 48 ± 21 years) and 10 healthy nonsmokers (mean age 44 ± 16 years) were studied. Clinical, laboratory and radiological findings were recorded on the day of admission and on the 7th day. A severity score was calculated using the Fine scale. Serum TAS was measured at the same time points using a colorimetric method. Results: On admission, TAS (TAS1) was significantly lower than on the 7th day (TAS2) (0.84 ± 0.13 mmo/l vs. 1.00 ± 0.17 mmo/l; p = 0.0001) and compared with the healthy subjects (0.84 ± 0.13 vs. 1.19 ± 0.09 mmol/l; p < 0.001). TAS change (TAS2 – TAS1) was statistically significantly more marked in smokers (0.17 vs. 0.28, p = 0.001), in patients with factors predisposing to CAP (0.12 vs. 0.37; p = 0.000) and in patients with gram-negative pneumonia (0.16 vs. 0.35; p = 0.000). On the other hand, change in TAS was statistically significantly less marked in patients with lobar pneumonia (0.27 vs. 0.17; p = 0.001). Additionally, TAS change was positively correlated to white blood count on admission (r = 0.39; p = 0.029). Conclusions: It is concluded that serum TAS is decreased in patients with CAP, suggesting the presence of oxidative stress, and that change in TAS seems to be influenced by disease severity. TAS measurement may be useful in estimating the severity of CAP and is a probable indication for the administration of antioxidants in the management of the disease.

Evaluation of dynamic thiol/disulfide redox state in community-acquired pneumonia

“…Trefler et al16 showed that TBARS levels were higher in CAP patients than in controls. Katsoulis et al17 evaluated the total antioxidant status (TOS) of 30 patients with CAP. They found that decreased serum TOS is associated with CAP.…”

Significance of Serum Total Oxidant/Antioxidant Status in Patients with Colorectal Cancer

“…Oxidative stress involves macromolecular oxidative damage, induces tissue protein denaturation, DNA damage, and lipid peroxidation, and interferes with the body's normal metabolic activity, leading to the occurrence and/or development of diseases. It has been confirmed that oxidative stress is involved in a variety of diseases, such as pneumonia[5], pancreatitis[6], diabetic nephropathy[7], cardiovascular disease[8], nervous system disease[9], and cancer[10–13]. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) make up the majority of active oxides, and account for more than 95% of total oxides.…”

Antioxidant enzymes and antioxidants in children with Pneumonia

“…The amount of p-nitro phenol produced is directly proportional to the concentration of PON1.The activity, expressed in IU/L, was based on the molar absorptivity (14000) of pnitrophenol at 405 nm, at pH 7. 4 Estimation of Glutathione Peroxidase (GPx)Activity was done by Paglia and Valentine method using Randox kit.GPX catalyses the oxidation of Glutathione (GSH) by Cumene hydroperoxide. In the presence of Glutathione Reductase (GR) and NADPH, the oxidized Glutathione (GSSG) immediately converted to the reduced form with a concomitant oxidation of NADPH to NADP + .…”

“…Lungs are exposed to many unwanted events such as infection, exposure to toxicants, irritants which triggers the synthesis of cytokines and interleukins by initiating the inflammatory process in lung tissue ;a primary defense process against the pathogens .The inflammatory cells activates polymorphonuclear leucocytes, macrophages, monocytes, platelets and mast cells. All these inflammatory reactions are responsible for generation of free radicals and reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as hydroxyl, superoxide and peroxynitrite radicals [4]. Oxidative stress results from an imbalance between formation and neutralization of ROS which in excess, damage cell membranes and lipoproteins by a process called lipid peroxidation.…”