Total current spectroscopy

High quality single atomic layer deposition of hexagonal boron nitride on single crystalline Rh(111) four-inch wafers

“…An electron source (ELS100 from PSP Vacuum Technology, UK) is mounted above the sample to perform normal incidence target current spectroscopy (TCS) measurements. 8 The electron source provides an electron beam up to an energy of 100 eV with 250 meV FWHM. The sample current versus incident electron energy spectra are recorded with a sourcemeasure unit (KE2635A from Keithley, USA).…”

Low-energy absorbed current and electron transmission spectroscopies of molybdenum disulfide single crystal

“…TCS and LEET spectra along the normal to a 2H-MoS 2 (0 0 0 1) surface: the experimental results (TCS) dIðE; XÞ=dE from Ref. [16] (curve 1) and from Ref. [14] for I p $10 À8 A (curve 2); the experimental results (LEET) dIðE; XÞ=dE from Ref.…”

“…The experimental data thus obtained revealed the formation of imperfections on the basal surface (defects and 'edge' atoms), which was not accompanied by a substantial distortion of the volume structure. [16,14,25], curves 1-3, respectively) measured under normal incidence on the 2H-MoS 2 (0 0 0 1) surface. The half-width DE of the primary-electron energy distribution was 0.5 eV [14,16], and the electron energy was modulated with a frequency of 430 Hz [14] (400 Hz [16]) and an amplitude of 0.15 eV [14] (0.1 eV [16]).…”

“…There are several approaches to the interpretation of spectral features. In the first approach, the experimental TCS [14][15][16][17][18] and LEET spectra [22][23][24] are compared with the calculated density of unoccupied electronic states rðEÞ; the level broadening is neglected, and only the positions of spectral lines rather than their shape and intensity are analyzed; the applicability of the limiting transition to one-dimensional (or three-dimensional [15]) rðEÞ is not specified. Note that straightforward model calculations [26] demonstrated that this approach is not valid for interpretation of LEET spectra of graphite (variations of rðEÞ; except the band gaps are not reflected in these spectra).…”

“…Low-energy electrons with kinetic energies E p below 1 keV are used to study the electronic structure of unoccupied high-level electronic states in very low-energy-electron diffraction (VLEED) [1,2], bremsstrahlung isochromat [3,4], inner-shell electron-energy loss [3,5], inverse photoemission (IPES) [3,6,7], secondary-electron emission [8,9], target current (TCS) [7,[10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21], and (as a modification of TCS) low-energy-electron transmission (LEET) [22][23][24][25][26] spectroscopies. Having a high surface sensitivity and being nondestructive, the latter two methods are employed, in addition to analyzing elementary excitations and near-surface Due to the specific features of their crystal and electronic structure, lamellar transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDC) feature a number of unique properties; as a result, the related materials do not have analogs and cannot be replaced by an equivalent counterpart.…”