Total Cytokine Immunoassay: A More Accurate Method of Cytokine Measurement?

Malone, Debra L.; Napolitano, Lena M.; Genuit, Thomas; Bochicchio, Grant V.; Kole, Kerry; Scalea, Thomas M.

doi:10.1097/00005373-200105000-00008

Cited by 19 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…An expected, increasing number of massive transfusion patients was also seen in the groups with severe pancreatic trauma. To what extent these cases with poor prognosis specifically correlate with the pancreatic injuries remains speculative since the transfusion of RBCC already leads to an increase in posttraumatic organ failure and to a deterioration of the outcome in general [21,22]. Here, the preclinical data support the connection between the grade of pancreatic injury, the overall ISS, and the rate of preclinical underperfusion (RR blood pressure <90 mmHg).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 77%

Pancreatic injury in 284 patients with severe abdominal trauma: outcome, course, and treatment algorithm

Heuer

Hussmann

Lefering

et al. 2011

Langenbecks Arch Surg

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 77%

Pancreatic injury in 284 patients with severe abdominal trauma: outcome, course, and treatment algorithm

Heuer

Hussmann

Lefering

et al. 2011

Langenbecks Arch Surg

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“…We examined the effects of M2c factors in the presence and absence of serum in cell culture medium, as well as in IL-10-blocked serum-containing and IL-10-supplemented serum-free medium. We concluded that M-CSF-driven M2c differentiation is dependent on IL-10 bioactivity, present in serum-containing medium (39–40) or exogenously added in serum-free conditions, whereas glucocorticoid-induced polarization is IL-10-independent.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…2F–G). We wondered, then, if serum-derived bioactive IL-10 present in culture medium (39–40) might account for the basal M-CSF effects observed. Consistent with this hypothesis, M-CSF up-regulated MerTK only in the presence of serum (Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficient Clearance of Early Apoptotic Cells by Human Macrophages Requires M2c Polarization and MerTK Induction

Zizzo

Hilliard

Monestier

et al. 2012

The Journal of Immunology

502

438

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Mer tyrosine kinase (MerTK) is a major macrophage apoptotic cell (AC) receptor. Its functional impairment promotes autoimmunity and atherosclerosis, while overexpression correlates with poor prognosis in cancer. However, little is known about mechanisms regulating MerTK expression in humans. We found that MerTK expression is heterogenous among macrophage subsets, being mostly restricted to anti-inflammatory “M2c” (CD14+CD16+CD163+CD204+CD206+CD209−) cells, differentiated by M-CSF or glucocorticoids. Small numbers of MerTK+ “M2c-like” cells are also detectable among circulating CD14brightCD16+ monocytes. MerTK expression levels adapt to changing immunological environment, being suppressed in M1 and “M2a” macrophages, and in dendritic cells. Remarkably, while glucocorticoid-induced differentiation is IL-10-independent, M-CSF-driven M2c polarization and related MerTK up-regulation require IL-10. However, neither IL-10 alone nor TGFβ are sufficient to fully differentiate M2c (CD16+CD163+MerTK+) macrophages. M-CSF and IL-10, both released by T lymphocytes, may thus be required together to promote regulatory T cell-mediated induction of anti-inflammatory monocytes-macrophages. MerTK enables M2c macrophages to clear early ACs more efficiently than other macrophage subsets, and mediates AC clearance by CD14brightCD16+ monocytes. Moreover, M2c cells release Gas6, which in turn amplifies IL-10 secretion via MerTK. IL-10-dependent induction of the Gas6/MerTK pathway may, therefore, constitute a positive loop for M2c macrophage homeostasis and a critical checkpoint for maintenance of anti-inflammatory conditions. Our findings give new insight into human macrophage polarization and favor a central role for MerTK in regulation of macrophage functions. Eliciting M2c polarization can have therapeutic utility for diseases such as lupus, in which a defective AC clearance contributes to initiate and perpetuate the pathological process.

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“…Such test has been proven to detect only a small fraction of the whole cytokine level since it can identify the unbound fraction only and lack of discrimination between biologically active and inactive molecules (Malone et al. ). Therefore, it is not possible to determine accurately the profile of several cytokines in blood.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence that periodontal treatment improves biomarkers and CVD outcomes

D’Aiuto

Orlandi

Gunsolley

2013

J Clinic Periodontology

177

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Aim: The aim of this review was to critically appraise the evidence on the impact of periodontal treatment of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) biomarkers and outcomes. Methods: A systematic search was performed in Cinhal, Cochrane, Embase and Medline for relevant articles up to July 2012. Duplicate screening and reference hand searching were performed. Data were then summarized and evidence graded in tables. Results: The search resulted in: (a) no evidence on the effects of periodontal therapy on subclinical atherosclerosis, serum levels of CD40 ligand, serum amyloid A and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, (b) limited evidence on the effects of periodontal therapy on arterial blood pressure, leucocyte counts, fibrinogen, tissue necrosis factor-a, sE-selectin, von Willebrand factors, d-dimers, matrix metalloproteinases, oxidative stress and CVD events, and (c) moderate evidence suggesting a negligible effect of periodontal therapy in reducing interleukin-6 and lipids levels, whilst a positive effect in reducing serum C-reactive protein levels and improving endothelial function. Conclusions: Periodontal therapy triggers a short-term inflammatory response followed by (a) a progressive and consistent reduction of systemic inflammation and (b) an improvement in endothelial function. There is however limited evidence that these acute and chronic changes will either increase or reduce CVD burden of individuals suffering from periodontitis in the long term.

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Total Cytokine Immunoassay: A More Accurate Method of Cytokine Measurement?

Cited by 19 publications

References 18 publications

Pancreatic injury in 284 patients with severe abdominal trauma: outcome, course, and treatment algorithm

Pancreatic injury in 284 patients with severe abdominal trauma: outcome, course, and treatment algorithm

Efficient Clearance of Early Apoptotic Cells by Human Macrophages Requires M2c Polarization and MerTK Induction

Evidence that periodontal treatment improves biomarkers and CVD outcomes

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