Total Deposition of Inhaled Particles Related to Age: Comparison with Age-Dependent Model Calculations

Review and Analysis of Inhalation Dosimetry Methods for Application to Children’s Risk Assessment

“…ICRP also validated the deposition model against two children's data sets involving exposure of micrometer sized particles (Becquemin et al, 1991;Schiller-Scotland et al, 1994). Total lung deposition data were available for 5-and 10-yr-old children, and these data were compared to model predictions (ICRP, 1994).…”

A general, algebraic equation for predicting total respiratory tract deposition of micrometer-sized aerosol particles in humans

“…Furthermore, Schiller-Scotland et al (1992) noted differences between their own data and that of a previous study by Becquemin, Roy, Bouchikhi, and Teillac (1986), and attributed these to differences in the experimental techniques employed by the two groups. This trend was reaffirmed in a recent study by Isaacs and Martonen (2005), in which a numerical model tended to under predict total deposition data from Schiller-Scotland et al (1992) but over predict data from Becquemin et al (1991) for children breathing micrometer-scale particles under normal conditions (though it was noted that in general the model predictions did not differ significantly from either set of experimental data), so that direct comparison between Schiller-Scotland et al's (1992) and Becquemin et al's (1991) data should be made with some caution.…”

“…2, the data of Schiller-Scotland et al (1992) for children follow the same curve as the adult data quite closely. Becquemin, Yu, Roy, and Bouchikhi (1991) have also measured the total deposition fraction in groups of children during controlled oral breathing. A mean functional residual capacity for each age group was reported; however, tidal volume and flow rate were not constant for each group, but rather were scaled according to body weight (Becquemin et al, 1991).…”

“…Becquemin, Yu, Roy, and Bouchikhi (1991) have also measured the total deposition fraction in groups of children during controlled oral breathing. A mean functional residual capacity for each age group was reported; however, tidal volume and flow rate were not constant for each group, but rather were scaled according to body weight (Becquemin et al, 1991). As the deposition value corresponding to each subject's tidal volume and flow rate was not reported, we cannot include Becquemin et al's (1991) data in the present comparisons.…”

Deposition of inhaled micrometer-sized particles in oropharyngeal airway replicas of children at constant flow rates

“…The lack of such data is unfortunate since inhalation drug delivery is an efficient common practice for the noninvasive treatment of pediatric lung diseases, and oropharyngeal deposition is of significant importance in the estimation of delivered drug dose to the lungs. A limited number of in vivo studies have been carried out to quantify the total deposition of particles in children's lungs during oral inhalation (Becquemin et al, 1991;Bennett & Zeman, 1998Schiller-Scotland et al, 1992). In addition, in vivo oropharyngeal and lung deposition of aerosols (with radioactive tracers) emitted from specific types of aerosol inhalers such as the Turbuhaler s and QVAR s have been studied in children with cystic fibrosis (Devadason et al, 1997) and asthma (Devadason et al, 2003;Roller et al, 2007).…”