Total energy expenditure in the Yakut (Sakha) of Siberia as measured by the doubly labeled water method

Snodgrass, J. Josh; Leonard, William R.; Tarskaia, Larissa A.; Schoeller, Dale A.

doi:10.1093/ajcn/84.4.798

Cited by 60 publications

(69 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…The Yakut women were significantly less active than the men, spending almost half the time, 25 fewer minutes, in MVPA during the single day of monitoring compared to men. These results are consistent with a previous study within Yakut of the same community (Snodgrass et al, 2006), other indigenous Siberian populations (Katzmarzyk et al, 1994;Leonard et al, 2002Leonard et al, , 2005, and other indigenous circumpolar populations (Dahl-Petersen et al, 2013b). Women also tended (not significantly) to be at increased risk of clustering of cardio-metabolic risk factors though MVPA was not significantly related to risk factor clustering.…”

Section: Gender Differencessupporting

confidence: 91%

“…In a recent study, duration of self-reported MVPA was found to be significantly over-estimated within Inuit of Greenland (Dahl-Petersen et al, 2013a), consistent with other populations (Celis-Morales et al, 2012;Ward et al, 2005). Yakut adults living in the same village as those in this study were found to be sedentary to moderately active using doubly labeled water (Snodgrass et al, 2006). Discrepancy between self-report and objective measure may be an explanation for the differences in activity levels found between this study of Yakut and other studies of indigenous circumpolar populations that report much higher levels of physical activity.…”

Section: Physical Activity and Sedentary Behaviorsupporting

confidence: 88%

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Do physical activity and sedentary behavior relate to cardio‐metabolic risk factor clustering in indigenous Siberian adults?

Wilson

Leonard

Tarskaia

et al. 2014

American J Hum Biol

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Section: Gender Differencessupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Physical Activity and Sedentary Behaviorsupporting

confidence: 88%

Do physical activity and sedentary behavior relate to cardio‐metabolic risk factor clustering in indigenous Siberian adults?

Wilson

Leonard

Tarskaia

et al. 2014

American J Hum Biol

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“…If our measurements of RMR are 20% greater than actual BMR (a conservative estimate), BMR in orangutans is approximately 36% lower than that of similarly (Table S1). Open circles and triangle represent orangutan adults and juvenile; gray circle and triangle represent human adults and juveniles in a subsistence/agricultural economy (25); black circle and triangle represent human adults and juveniles in industrial economies (33)(34)(35)(36)(37)(38); gray squares represent other eutherian mammals. "S" indicates three-toed sloths (Bradypus variegates); "H" indicates howler monkeys (Alouatta palliata).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolic adaptation for low energy throughput in orangutans

Pontzer

Raichlen

Shumaker

et al. 2010

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Energy is the fundamental currency of life-needed for growth, repair, and reproduction-but little is known about the metabolic physiology and evolved energy use strategies of the great apes, our closest evolutionary relatives. Here we report daily energy use in free-living orangutans (Pongo spp.) and test whether observed differences in energy expenditure among orangutans, humans, and other mammals reflect known differences in life history. Using the doubly labeled water method, we measured daily energy expenditure (kCal/d) in orangutans living in a large indoor/outdoor habitat at the Great Ape Trust. Despite activity levels similar to orangutans in the wild, Great Ape Trust orangutans used less energy, relative to body mass, than nearly any eutherian mammal ever measured, including sedentary humans. Such an extremely low rate of energy use has not been observed previously in primates, but is consistent with the slow growth and low rate of reproduction in orangutans, and may be an evolutionary response to severe food shortages in their native Southeast Asian rainforests. These results hold important implications for the management of orangutan populations in captivity and in the wild, and underscore the flexibility and interdependence of physiological, behavioral, and life history strategies in the evolution of apes and humans.daily energy expenditure | energetics | life history | doubly labeled water A ll animals require energy to grow, maintain homeostasis, and reproduce. Much of the variation in energy use among species is related to body mass; large animals generally require more energy each day than small animals (1). There are also significant differences among taxonomic groups, with birds using more energy per day than other vertebrates, eutherian mammals using more energy per day than marsupials, and reptiles using far less energy than birds or mammals (1). Still, after accounting for the effects of body mass and taxonomic class, a sixfold range of variation in daily energy expenditure, (DEE; in kCal/d) remains among vertebrate species in the wild (N = 229 species, ref. 1).There is growing evidence that the variation in DEE among species reflects evolved energy-use strategies to maximize the probability of survival and reproduction in a given habitat. Both within (2) and among (3) species, increased energy throughput (i.e., calories consumed and expended per day) is associated with increased reproductive output (i.e., grams of offspring produced per year). In habitats in which food resources are abundant, organisms may benefit from adopting higher energy throughput, increasing their food requirements but providing more energy for reproduction (4-6). Conversely, if food availability is highly variable or if foraging incurs the risk of predation, it may be advantageous to decrease DEE, even at the cost of decreased reproductive rates, to avoid starvation or predation (5, 6). Indeed, several comparative studies have suggested a continuum of energyuse strategies among mammals, from high-energy throughput to ...

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“…Participants rested in the supine position wearing a face mask attached to a low-flow pneumotach for at least 20 minutes prior to the 10-minute measurement of REE. 18 REE was calculated using the modified Weir equation. 19 Total daily energy expenditure (TDEE) was evaluated over 1 week with the doubly labeled water (DLW) technique.…”

Section: Energy Expenditurementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Isotope abundances were measured for H 2 18 O with automated peripheral devices (Finnigan GasBenchII and H/D device; Thermo Fisher Scientific GmbH, Bremen, Germany) interfaced with isotope ratio mass spectrometry (Delta PlusXP, Thermo Fisher Scientific). 22 2 H and 18 O isotope elimination rates (k H and k O ) were estimated using linear regression to include in calculations for rate of CO 2 production. 21,23 Energy expenditure was calculated by multiplying rCO 2 by the energy equivalent of CO 2 for an assumed respiratory quotient of 0.86.…”

Section: Energy Expenditurementioning

confidence: 99%

Energy balance and fitness in adult survivors of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia

Ness

DeLany

Kaste³

et al. 2015

Blood

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• Elimination of cranial radiation from therapy for childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia has improved bodycomposition outcomes.• Survivors of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia treated without cranial radiation remain at risk for impaired fitness.There is limited information on body composition, energy balance, and fitness among survivors of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), especially those treated without cranial radiation therapy (CRT). This analysis compares these metrics among 365 ALL survivors with a mean age of 28.6 6 5.9 years (149 treated with and 216 without CRT) and 365 age-, sex-, and race-matched peers. We also report risk factors for outcomes among survivors treated without CRT. Male survivors not exposed to CRT had abnormal body composition when compared with peers (% body fat, 26.2 6 8.2 vs 22.7 6 7.1). Survivors without CRT had similar energy balance but had significantly impaired quadriceps strength (221.9 6 6.0 Newton-meters [Nm]/kg, 60°/s) and endurance (211.4 6 4.6 Nm/kg, 300°/s), exercise capacity (22.0 6 2.1 ml/kg per minute), low-back and hamstring flexibility (24.7 6 1.6 cm), and dorsiflexion range of motion (23.1 6 0.9°) and higher modified total neuropathy scores (11.6 6 1.1) than peers. Cumulative asparaginase dose ‡120 000 IU/m 2 was associated with impaired flexibility, vincristine dose ‡39 mg/m 2 with peripheral neuropathy, glucocorticoid (prednisone equivalent) dose ‡8000 mg/m 2 with hand weakness, and intrathecal methotrexate dose ‡225 mg with dorsiflexion weakness. Physical inactivity was associated with hand weakness and decreased exercise capacity. Smoking was associated with peripheral neuropathy. Elimination of CRT from ALL therapy has improved, but not eliminated, body-composition outcomes. Survivors remain at risk for impaired fitness. (Blood. 2015;125(22):3411-3419)

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Total energy expenditure in the Yakut (Sakha) of Siberia as measured by the doubly labeled water method

Cited by 60 publications

References 35 publications

Do physical activity and sedentary behavior relate to cardio‐metabolic risk factor clustering in indigenous Siberian adults?

Do physical activity and sedentary behavior relate to cardio‐metabolic risk factor clustering in indigenous Siberian adults?

Metabolic adaptation for low energy throughput in orangutans

Energy balance and fitness in adult survivors of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia

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