Total lightning observations to wind turbines

Montanyà, Joan; Velde, Oscar A. van der; Romero, David A.; March, V.; Solà, G.; Pineda, Nicolau; Hermoso, B.; Senosiain, Vicente

doi:10.1109/iclp.2012.6344372

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…The former is aimed to intercept the lightning leaders, whereas the latter is intended to conduct the lightning current from the attachment point to the earthing system [11], [12]. The receptors have to be designed according to the procedures specified in the IEC standard [12] to transfer most of the lightning energy to the DC and avoid damage [7], [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimation of Contact Resistivity in Lightning Protection Equipotential Bonding Joints of Wind Turbine Blades

Laudani

Senis

Lewin

et al. 2021

IEEE Trans. Electromagn. Compat.

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Modern lightning protection systems for wind turbine blades with conducting structural elements, e.g., carbon fibre reinforced polymer (CFRP) spar caps, contain equipotential bonding joints to prevent sparking during strikes. Significant current levels are experienced through the joints and the characterization of the electrical contact at the bonding regions is essential for reliable protection. Therefore, this article aims to characterize the contact resistivity of several equipotential bonding joints. The proposed methodology first measures the total resistance of the samples, and then the bulk resistance of the conductive elements is computed using the finite-element method. The latter is required to predict the spreading effects in CFRP components due to the strong anisotropic nature of such materials. After that, the contact resistance is calculated by subtracting the predicted bulk resistances from the measured total resistances. The developed procedure was applied to three typical equipotential bonding materials: expanded copper foil (ECF), biaxial (BIAX) CFRP and unidirectional (UD) CFRP. Both ECF and BIAX CFRP showed superior contact quality than UD CFRP, with one to two orders of magnitude smaller contact resistivity.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimation of Contact Resistivity in Lightning Protection Equipotential Bonding Joints of Wind Turbine Blades

Laudani

Senis

Lewin

et al. 2021

IEEE Trans. Electromagn. Compat.

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“…Over more than a decade, several studies [1][2][3][4][5] have shown that wind turbine blades are highly susceptible to downward lightning strikes, as well as to triggering upward lightning. Consequently, it is required to equip them with a lightning protection system (LPS) capable of preventing damage due to lightning direct attachment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The receptors have to be designed according to the guidelines and procedures specified in the IEC standard [7]. In this case, most of the lightning energy is discharged to the ground through the LPS [3,5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficient method for the computation of lightning current distributions in wind turbine blades using the Fourier transform and the finite element method

Laudani

Carloni²,

Thomsen³

et al. 2020

IET Science, Measurement & Technology

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Rotor blades of large, modern wind turbines are susceptible to lightning strikes. In order to produce a design that resists lightning strikes, it is crucial to simulate lightning current propagation in the blade components. Since the current in the blade is generated by the superposition of potential and induced electric fields, a coupling exists between electric and magnetic fields which needs to be calculated by an imposed integral constraint at each time step. Commercial software packages are able to deal with such constraints, but it results in time-consuming computations. Therefore, this work aims to develop a numerical methodology able to compute the voltage which drives the lightning current through the structure. In this way, the problem is reformulated as a voltage-driven one which in turn allows a simple subsequent coupling of electric and magnetic problems. The computation of the voltage waveform was accomplished using the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) and the Finite Element Method (FEM) to compute the structure impedance in the frequencydomain. The developed procedure showed high efficiency for a blade subjected to different lightning impulses. It allows a description of the time-dependent lightning current to be given, as well as the distribution of current within the blade conductors.

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Total lightning observations to wind turbines

Cited by 2 publications

References 7 publications

Estimation of Contact Resistivity in Lightning Protection Equipotential Bonding Joints of Wind Turbine Blades

Estimation of Contact Resistivity in Lightning Protection Equipotential Bonding Joints of Wind Turbine Blades

Efficient method for the computation of lightning current distributions in wind turbine blades using the Fourier transform and the finite element method

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